JEE Solutions PYQ
Solutions is an important chapter in JEE Physical Chemistry. It explains how substances mix with each other and how the properties of a solution change depending on its composition.
In this chapter, you study concentration terms, vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, Henry’s law, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and colligative properties. You also learn how association and dissociation affect the number of particles present in a solution.
Most questions from this chapter are formula-based. However, simply remembering the formulas is not enough. You also need to understand when and how to use them.
A small mistake, such as using molarity instead of molality or forgetting the van’t Hoff factor, can change the final answer.
Solving previous-year questions is a good way to improve your understanding of this chapter. It helps you recognise common question types, revise important formulas, and become faster at numerical problems.
On this page, you can revise the key concepts, download the PYQ PDF, learn important formulas, avoid common mistakes, and practise chapter-wise questions.
With regular practice and careful calculation, Solutions can become a scoring chapter in JEE Chemistry.
JEE Solutions Previous-Year Questions
Previous-year questions help you understand which topics are asked most often. In Solutions, questions commonly come from mole fraction, molarity, molality, vapour pressure, colligative properties, Henry’s law, and the van’t Hoff factor.
While solving a JEE Advanced Previous Paper, start by writing down all the given values with their units.
Next, identify what the question is asking you to calculate. This simple step can help you choose the correct formula.
Do not use a formula only because it contains the same terms as the question. First, understand the type of solution given.
Check whether:
- The solution is ideal or non-ideal.
- The solute is volatile or non-volatile.
- Both components are volatile.
- The solute undergoes association.
- The solute undergoes dissociation.
For vapour-pressure questions, check whether one or both components are volatile.
If only the solvent is volatile, you may use the relative lowering of vapour pressure. If both liquids are volatile, calculate the partial pressure of each component using Raoult’s law and then add them.
For colligative-property questions, remember that the number of solute particles is important.
Dissociation increases the number of particles, while association decreases it. This directly affects boiling-point elevation, freezing-point depression, osmotic pressure, and vapour-pressure lowering.
Try to solve each question within a fixed time. After finishing the set, check every incorrect answer and find the exact reason for the mistake.
Common reasons may include:
- You used molarity instead of molality.
- You forgot to convert temperature into kelvin.
- You missed the van’t Hoff factor.
- You treated a volatile solute as non-volatile.
- You used the mass of the solution instead of the solvent.
A short formula list and regular numerical practice can make this chapter much easier.
JEE Solutions PYQs PDF
You can download the JEE Solutions PYQs PDF from the section below.
First, solve the PDF without checking the answers. Try to complete it in one sitting so that you can understand your current speed and accuracy.
After solving the questions, divide them into three groups:
- Questions you solved easily
- Questions that took more time
- Questions you could not solve
Revise the formulas and concepts used in the difficult questions. Try those questions again after a few days.
You can keep this PDF with your JEE Study Material and use it for revision before school tests, coaching tests, or the final examination.
While checking the solutions, do not only compare the final answer. Follow every calculation and understand why a particular formula was used.
When practising JEE Advanced Questions, pay close attention to the concentration term given in the question.
Molarity, molality, mole fraction, and mass percentage are different quantities. You cannot use one in place of another without proper conversion.
Also check whether the solute associates or dissociates. This helps you decide the value of the van’t Hoff factor.
In general:
- The value of (i) is greater than 1 for dissociation.
- The value of (i) is less than 1 for association.
- The value of (i) is equal to 1 when there is no association or dissociation.
When you solve the PDF again, focus mainly on questions that were incorrect or took too much time.
Important Formulas for JEE Solutions PYQs
Solutions includes several important numerical formulas. Keeping them together in a JEE Chemistry Formula sheet can revise faster.
| Concept | Formula | Simple Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Mole fraction | (x_i = \frac{n_i}{\sum n}) | Moles of one component divided by total moles. |
| Molarity | (M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{volume of solution in L}}) | Molarity depends on the volume of the solution. |
| Molality | (m = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{mass of solvent in kg}}) | Molality depends on the mass of the solvent. |
| Raoult’s law | (p_i = x_i p_i^\circ) | Partial pressure depends on mole fraction. |
| Total vapour pressure | (P = p_1 + p_2) | Add the partial pressures of volatile components. |
| Relative lowering of vapour pressure | (\frac{p^\circ-p}{p^\circ}=x_2) | Used for a dilute solution with a non-volatile solute. |
| Henry’s law | (p = K_Hx) | Gas solubility is related to its partial pressure. |
| Boiling-point elevation | (\Delta T_b = iK_bm) | Adding a solute raises the boiling point. |
| Freezing-point depression | (\Delta T_f = iK_fm) | Adding a solute lowers the freezing point. |
| Osmotic pressure | (\pi = iCRT) | Often used to calculate molar mass. |
| van’t Hoff factor | (i=\frac{\text{observed colligative property}}{\text{calculated colligative property}}) | Corrects for association or dissociation. |
Do not memorise these formulas without understanding the symbols and units.
For example, molarity uses the volume of the complete solution, while molality uses the mass of the solvent only.
This difference is important because molarity changes with temperature, but molality does not.
In osmotic-pressure questions, always use temperature in kelvin.
In boiling-point elevation and freezing-point depression questions, use molality, not molarity.
Also remember that an ideal solution follows Raoult’s law over the complete range of composition.
For an ideal solution:
- The enthalpy change of mixing is zero.
- The volume change on mixing is zero.
- The force between unlike molecules is similar to the force between like molecules.
Common Mistakes to Avoid in JEE Solutions PYQs
One of the most common mistakes is confusing molarity with molality.
Molarity is based on the volume of the solution. Molality is based on the mass of the solvent.
Students also forget to include the van’t Hoff factor in colligative-property calculations.
You should use it whenever the solute undergoes association or dissociation.
While solving JEE Solutions Questions, check whether the mass given in the question belongs to the solute, solvent, or total solution.
Using the wrong mass can spoil the entire calculation.
Another common mistake is using the relative lowering of vapour pressure formula when both components are volatile.
If both components are volatile, calculate the partial pressure of each component separately and then find the total pressure.
Do not assume that every solution is ideal.
Non-ideal solutions show either positive or negative deviation from Raoult’s law. The type of deviation depends on the strength of attraction between unlike molecules.
Always check the units before putting values into a formula.
Remember to:
- Convert millilitres into litres for molarity.
- Convert grams into kilograms for molality.
- Convert Celsius into kelvin where required.
- Use the correct value of the gas constant.
A quick unit check before the final calculation can prevent many unnecessary mistakes.
List of JEE Solutions PYQs
Use the questions given below as a short chapter test.
Try to solve them like a JEE Advanced Mock Test. Set a time limit, avoid using notes, and check the answers only after completing the full set.
Question 1
Incorrect statement for Tyndall effect is
correct answer:- 2
Question 2
Identify the mixture that shows positive deviations from Raoult's Law
correct answer:- 4
Question 3
Match List-I with List-II
List-I
List-II
(A) negatively charged sol (I) Fe$$_2$$O$$_3$$ · xH$$_2$$O
(B) macromolecular colloid (II) CdS sol
(C) positively charged sol (III) Starch
(D) Cheese (IV) a gel
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
correct answer:- 3
Question 4
At 300 K, the vapour pressure of a solution containing 1 mole of n-hexane and 3 moles of n-heptane is 550 mm of Hg. At the same temperature, if one more mole of n-heptane is added to this solution, the vapour pressure of the solution increases by 10 mm of Hg. What is the vapour pressure in mmHg of n-heptane in its pure state?
correct answer:- 600
Question 5
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding physissorptions?
correct answer:- 4
Question 6
Lithium forms body centred cubic structure. The length of the side of its unit cell is $$351$$ pm. Atomic radius of the lithium will be:
correct answer:- 4
Question 7
$$K_f$$ for water is $$1.86\ K\ kg\ mol^{-1}$$. If your automobile radiator holds $$1.0$$ kg of water, how many grams of ethylene glycol ($$C_2H_6O_2$$) must you add to get the freezing point of the solution lowered to $$-2.8^\circ C$$?
correct answer:- 2
Question 8
Which one of the following substances used in dry cleaning is a better strategy to control environmental pollution?
correct answer:- 2
Question 9
The depression in freezing point observed for a formic acid solution of concentration $$0.5 \text{ mL L}^{-1}$$ is $$0.0405°C$$. Density of formic acid is $$1.05 \text{ g mL}^{-1}$$. The Van't Hoff factor of the formic acid solution is nearly: (Given for water $$K_f = 1.86 \text{ K kg mol}^{-1}$$)
correct answer:- 3
Question 10
The osmotic pressure exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving $$2.0$$ g of protein of molar mass $$60$$ kg mol$$^{-1}$$ in $$200$$ mL of water at $$27°$$C is ______ Pa. [integer value] (use $$R = 0.083$$ L bar mol$$^{-1}$$ K$$^{-1}$$)
correct answer:- 415
Question 11
Using very little soap while washing clothes, does not serve the purpose of cleaning of clothes, because
correct answer:- 4
Question 12
The density of 3M solution of NaCl is 1.0 g mL$$^{-1}$$. Molality of the solution is _____ $$\times 10^{-2}$$ m (Nearest integer).
Given: Molar mass of Na is 23 and Cl is 35.5 g mol$$^{-1}$$ respectively.
correct answer:- 364
Question 13
$$250 \text{ g}$$ solution of D-glucose in water contains $$10.8\%$$ of carbon by weight. The molality of the solution is nearest to (Given: Atomic Weights are $$H = 1u; C = 12u; O = 16u$$)
correct answer:- 2
Question 14
Boiling point of a $$2\%$$ aqueous solution of a nonvolatile solute A is equal to the boiling point of $$8\%$$ aqueous solution of a non-volatile solute B. The relation between molecular weights of A and B is
correct answer:- 2
Question 15
The freezing point of a 4% aqueous solution of X is equal to the freezing point of a 12% aqueous solution of Y. If the molecular weight of X is A, then the molecular weight of Y will be
correct answer:- 4
Question 16
Which of the following statements about colloids is false?
correct answer:- 2
Question 17
Percentage of free space in cubic close packed structure and in body centred packed structure are respectively
correct answer:- 2
Question 18
Two volatile liquids $$A$$ and $$B$$ are mixed to form an ideal solution.
$$100\text{ g}$$ of liquid $$A$$ (Molar mass = $$100\text{ g mol}^{-1}$$) is mixed with $$100\text{ g}$$ of liquid $$B$$ (Molar mass = $$50\text{ g mol}^{-1}$$).
If the vapor pressures of pure liquid $$A$$ and pure liquid $$B$$ are $$300\text{ torr}$$ and $$600\text{ torr}$$ respectively, what is the mole fraction of component $$A$$ in the vapor phase?
correct answer:- 2
Question 19
Which of the following statements about colloids is false?
correct answer:- 2
Question 20
The correct order of the solubility of alkaline-earth metal sulphates in water is:
correct answer:- 1
Question 21
The quantity which changes with temperature is :
correct answer:- 1
Question 22
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The Henry's law constant $$K_{H}$$ is constant with respect to variations in solution's concentration over the range for which the solution is ideally dilute.
Statement II: $$K_{H}$$ does not differ for the same solute in different solvents.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
correct answer:- 1
Question 23
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : An aqueous solution of KOH when for volumetric analysis, its concentration should be checked before the use.
Reason (R) : On aging, KOH solution absorbs atmospheric $$CO_2$$.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
correct answer:- 3
Question 24
The vapor pressure of pure liquid water at $$298\text{ K}$$ is $$24.0\text{ mmHg}$$. A non-volatile, non-electrolyte solid solute is dissolved in water to prepare an aqueous solution where the mole fraction of the solute is exactly $$0.05$$. Calculate the lowering of vapor pressure $$(\Delta P)$$ of this solution (in $$\text{mmHg})$$. Express your answer to the nearest single decimal place or select the absolute integer value if specified (Report the exact value multiplied by 10 to yield a whole integer: $$10 \times \Delta P)$$.
correct answer:- 12
Question 25
20% of acetic acid is dissociated when its 5 g is added to 500 mL of water. The depression in freezing point of such water is ______ $$\times 10^{-3}°C$$. Atomic mass of C, H and O are 12, 1 and 16 a.m.u. respectively.
[Given : Molal depression constant and density of water are $$1.86 \text{ K kg mol}^{-1}$$ and $$1 \text{ g cm}^{-3}$$ respectively.
correct answer:- 372
Question 26
Mass of Urea NH$$_2$$CONH$$_2$$ required to be dissolved in 1000 g of water in order to reduce the vapour pressure of water by 25% is ______ g. (Nearest integer)
Given: Molar mass of N, C, O and H are 14, 12, 16 and 1 g mol$$^{-1}$$ respectively.
correct answer:- 1111
Question 27
Under ambient conditions, which among the following surfactants will form micelles in aqueous solution at lowest molar concentration?
correct answer:- 3
Question 28
Gold numbers of some colloids are Gelatin: 0.005 - 0.01, Gum Arabic: 0.15 - 0.25, Oleate: 0.04 - 1.0, Starch: 15 - 25. Which among the following is a better protective colloid?
correct answer:- 1
Question 29
The Tyndall effect is observed only when the following conditions are satisfied,
i. The diameter of the dispersed particles is much smaller than the wavelength of the light used.
ii. The diameter of the dispersed particle is not much smaller than the wavelength of the light used.
iii. The refractive indices of the dispersed phase and dispersion medium are almost similar in magnitude.
iv. The refractive indices of the dispersed phase and dispersion medium differ greatly in magnitude.
correct answer:- 1
Question 30
Adsorption of a gas follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm. If $$x$$ is the mass of the gas adsorbed on mass $$m$$ of the adsorbent, the correct plot of $$\frac{x}{m}$$ versus $$p$$ is:
correct answer:- 1
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