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Reactivity Framework:
$$\begin{aligned} \text{Formaldehyde (HCHO)} + \text{R'MgX} &\xrightarrow{\text{followed by } \text{H}_3\text{O}^+} 1^\circ \text{ Alcohol} \\ \text{Other Aldehydes (RCHO)} + \text{R'MgX} &\xrightarrow{\text{followed by } \text{H}_3\text{O}^+} 2^\circ \text{ Alcohol} \\ \text{Ketones (R-CO-R)} + \text{R'MgX} &\xrightarrow{\text{followed by } \text{H}_3\text{O}^+} 3^\circ \text{ Alcohol} \end{aligned}$$
Concept: Strong carbanion nucleophiles from an organometallic reagent break the carbonyl double bond, yielding an alkoxide intermediate which converts into a substituted alcohol class upon subsequent acid workup.
