CMAT 2026 Previous Year Paper

Number of cars sold by P in February, April and May = 94 + 108 + 98 = 300.
Number of cars sold by S in March, May and June = 90 + 89 + 91 = 270.
The required ratio = 300 : 270 = 10:9 i.e. Option D. 

Total number of cars sold by Dealer P from Feb to June = 94 + 85 + 108 + 98 + 95 = 480.
Total cars sold by all the dealers in June = 396.
The required percentage = $$\frac{480-396}{396}\times\ 100\ \approx\ \ 21.2\%$$.

The total number of cars sold by dealer Q in April, May and June = 97 + 102 + 108 = 307.
the total number of cars sold by all dealers in February and April = 400 + 400 = 800.
The required percentage = $$\frac{307}{800}\times\ 100\ =\ 38\frac{3}{8}\%$$ i.e. Option D.

The unit digit of the expression will be equal to the unit digit of:
$$48\times\ 4^{100}+4^{101}$$.
Odd powers of 4 gives 4 as the unit digit and even powers give 6.
So, the unit digit will be the unit digit of 8*6 + 4 i.e. 2.

$$B+\frac{1}{C-9}=\frac{B\left(C-9\right)+1}{C-9}$$
$$\frac{1}{B+\frac{1}{C-9}}=\frac{C-9}{B\left(C-9\right)+1}$$.
Putting this value in the equation to get:
$$A+\frac{C-9}{B\left(C-9\right)+1}=\frac{A\cdot B\cdot\left(C-9\right)+A+\left(C-9\right)}{B\cdot\left(C-9\right)+1}=\frac{29}{5}$$.
This means that B(C-9) + 1 = 5 ==> B(C-9) = 4.
C- 9 can be 1 or 2 or 4.
and, $$A\cdot B\cdot\left(C-9\right)+A+\left(C-9\right)=29$$.
4*A + A + (C-9) = 29
5A + (C-9) = 29
C-9 has to be 4 which gives A = 5 and C = 13.
B*(C-9) = 4 which means B = 1.
A + B + C = 5 + 1 + 13 = 19.

Area of (I) = Length * Breadth = 9*4 = 36 sq cm.
Perimeter of (I) = 2*(Length + Breadth) = 2*(9+4) = 26 cm.

Area of (II) = Square of side = 6^2 = 36 sq cm.
Perimeter of (II) = 4*side = 4*6 = 24 cm.

Area of (III) = half of Perpendicular * Base = half of 9*8 = 36 sq cm.
Perimeter of (III) = sum of sides = 9 + 8 + $$\sqrt{\ 9^2+8^2}=17\ +\ \sqrt{\ 145}$$.

Only statement B is correct i.e. The areas of three figures are equal.

Cost Price = 320 and he earned a profit of 15% which makes the Selling Price = 1.15*320 ==> 368.
This Selling Price is attained by giving a discount of 32 on the Marked Price which gives:
Marked Price = 368 + 32 = 400.
Profit earned after he sold it at Marked Price = $$\frac{400-320}{320\ }\times\ 100\ =\ 25\%$$.

Let us assume that the work to be done is 32 units i.e. the LCM of 8, 16 and 32.
Efficiencies of Raman, Satish and Ashok are 2, 4 and 1 units per day respectively.
Let us assume that they completed the work in X days.
Satish worked for 2 days, Raman worked for X-3 days and Ashok worked for X days which led to the completing of work in X days.
Total work done: 2*4 + (X-3)*2 + X*1 = 3X + 2.
This is equal to Total work = 32.
3X + 2 = 32
==> X = 10 days.

All the devices will again beep together after every N minutes where N is the LCM of 30 mis, 1hr, 1hr 30 mins and 1 hr 45 mins.
We need to find the LCM of 30, 60, 90 and 105 mins.
Their LCM will be 1260 mins i.e. 21 hrs.
So, if they beeped together at 12 noon, next time, they will beep together at 12 noon + 21 hrs = 9 am.

We will use the successive discount formula to calculate the overall discount.
Overall discount after giving a discount of 20% and 5% = $$20+5-\frac{20\times\ 5}{100}=25-1\ =24\%$$.
Now, we give another discount of 12.5% to get an overall discount of:
$$24\ +\ 12.5-\frac{24\times\ 12.5}{100}=33.5\%$$ i.e. Option A.

Let us assume that the number of students in Kendriya Vidyalaya = 100.
This means that the number of students in Navodaya Vidyalaya = 1.6*100 = 160.
Athletes in Kendriya Vidyalaya = 20% of 100 = 20 and,
Athletes in Navodaya Vidyalaya = 25% of 160 = 40.
Required percentage = $$\frac{40}{20}\times\ 100\ =\ 200\%$$

Only statements A and C are correct i.e. Option D.

Let us assume the height and radius to be R.
Volume of the cylinder = $$\pi\ \times\ R^2\times\ height\ =\ \pi\ \times\ R^3$$
==> $$\frac{22}{7}\times\ R^3=\frac{176}{7}$$
This gives R = 2 cm i.e. Option C.

Triangle CDA will be similar to Triangle CAB with AAA similarity.
This gives : $$\frac{CD}{CA}=\frac{CA}{CB}$$
==> $$\frac{2}{4}=\frac{4}{BC}$$
==>BC = 8 units i.e. Option A.

Let us assume the cost of 2 watches to be 100a and 100b.
100a + 100b = 1000 ==> a + b = 10.
Selling price of 1st watch after 5% loss = 0.95*100a = 95a.
Selling price of 2nd watch after 20% gain = 1.20*100b = 120b.
Total selling price => 95a + 120b = 1050.
We will multiple the 1st equation with 95 and subtract it from the 2nd:
25b = 100 ==> b = 4 and a = 6.
The Costs of the 2 watches come out to be 600 and 400 i.e. Option C.

Quantity of milk in the mixture = $$\frac{27}{27+7}\times\ 85\ =\ 67.5$$.
Let us assume that X litres of water is added which makes the quantity of new solution = 85+X.
Milk content remains the same which means that:
$$\frac{3}{3+1}\times\ \times\ \left(85+X\right)=67.5$$.
This gives X = 5 litres.

The nth term of the series can be written as:
$$\frac{2n+1}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}$$.
Now, 2n+1 can be written as: $$\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2$$.
This gives nth term to be:
$$\frac{\left(\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2\right)}{n^2\times\ \left(n+1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{n^2}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}$$.
Now, we put values of n from 2 to 7 and add them to get:
$$\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}\right)+...\left(\frac{1}{7^2}-\frac{1}{8^2}\right)=\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{8^2}$$.
==> $$\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{64}=\frac{15}{64}$$.

Let the odd numbers be: 2n+1, 2n+3, 2n+5.
Their sum will be: 2n+1 + 2n+3 + 2n+5 = 6n+9
==> 3*(2n+3).
So, the sum is always divisible by 3 only i.e. Option D.

Probability of 2 consecutive heads being never together = 1 - Probability of 2 consecutive heads being together.
Cases where 2 heads are consecutive :
HHHH = 1 case.
THHH, HTHH, HHTH and HHHT = 4 cases.
HHTT, THHT and TTHH = 3 cases.
Total cases where 2 heads come consecutively = 8 cases.
Total number of possible cases with 4 coins = 2*2*2*2 = 16.
Probability of 2 consecutive heads = 8/16 = 1/2.
Now, Probability of 2 consecutive heads being never together = 1 - 1/2 = 1/2 i.e. Option D.

Let us assume $$\sqrt{\ \sqrt{\ 5}+2}+\sqrt{\ \sqrt{\ 5}-2}=a$$.
Squaring both sides:
$$\left(\sqrt{\ 5}+2\right)+\left(\sqrt{\ 5}-2\right)+2\sqrt{\ \left(\sqrt{\ 5}+2\right)\left(\ \sqrt{\ 5}-2\right)}=2\sqrt{\ 5}+2=a^2$$
==> $$a\ =\ \sqrt{\ 2}\times\ \left(\sqrt{\ \sqrt{\ 5}+1}\right)$$
and, $$\frac{a}{\left(\sqrt{\ \sqrt{\ 5}+1}\right)}=\sqrt{\ 2}$$ i.e. Option B.

C + 3 = F ==> F + 3 = I.
$$2^2\ =\ 4$$ ==> $$3^2\ =\ 9$$ ==> $$4^2\ =\ 16$$.
X - 3 = U ==> U - 3 = R.
Following this pattern, next term will be:
I + 3 = L
$$5^2\ =\ 25$$
R - 3 = O 
==> L25O i.e. Option A.

There are 4 pentagons similar to BHGED, each starting from B, H, F and D.
Also, there are 4 pentagons similar to GHBDF, each starting from G, A, C and E.
Thus, there are a total of 8 pentagons.

As E, a vowel, is at both the beginning and last, it will be coded as $.
N will be coded as 4.
I and A will be coded as 6as they are neither at beginning or at last.
G will be coded as 5.
So, the final code will be $46645$ i.e. Option B.

The box will look like Option D.

There are a total of 21 triangles. Thus, the correct answer is Option B.

B sits at the extreme right end, G sits 2nd to the left of B and E sits exactly between G and B. This gives:
_ _ _ _ G E B.
Only 2 persons sit between F and G which gives:
_ F _ _ G E B
D sits 3rd to the left of C which gives
D F _ C G E B and the remaining place is taken by A.
The final arrangement is:
D F A C G E B.
The person sitting exactly in the middle is C.

P + 2 = R
O + 4 = S
N + 6 = T
D + 8 = L.
Following the same pattern, HEAR will be coded as:
H + 2 = J
E + 4 = I
A + 6 = G
R + 8 = Z
Thus, the code will be JIGZ.

As we can see that only Conclusion 1 follows, the answer will be Option A.

Varun's son's wife's daughter will be Varun's grand daughter.
And his grand daughter's mother will be Varun's daughter-in-law.
So, Varun is the father-in-law of that lady i.e. Option D.

Varun is facing west and after turning 45 degrees in Clockwise direction, he will be facing North-West.
After turning 180 degrees in the same direction i.e. clockwise, he will be facing South-East.
After turning 270 degrees in the anti-clockwise direction, he will be facing South West.

A is 18th from the front and C is 25th from the front.
It means that there are 6 people between A and C.
As C is in the middle of A and B, there must be 6 people between B and C.
This implies that B is 32nd from the front and 16th from the end which implies that there are 32 + 16 - 1 = 47 students in the row.

A + B implies A is mother of B.
B # C implies B is the father of C. This means that A is grandmother of C.
C - D implies C is brother of D which means that A is the grandmother to D also.

half of (15 - 5) * (2 + 6) = 40
half of (9 - 4) * (7 + 5) = 30.
Following the same pattern, the ? should be:
half of (17 - 13) * (13 + 12) = 50 i.e. Option D.

Option B i.e.  A * B # C * D - E implies that A is the aunt of E.

The original pair, Hope : Aspire, consists of synonyms (both words mean to desire or aim for something). Similarly, Fib and Lie are synonyms, as both refer to telling a falsehood, maintaining the same semantic relationship.
Thus, the correct answer is Option B.

The area cultivated by grapes and watermelon and nothing else is the area only common to only the circle and triangle.
This area is marked by 4 i.e. Option C.

The correct answer is D) Both Argument I and II are strong.

Argument I is strong because it addresses a significant, evidence-based environmental and public health concern regarding groundwater contamination.

Argument II is strong because it highlights the immediate, practical economic threat to food security and farmer livelihoods, as a total ban without alternatives would lead to massive crop failure.

In critical reasoning, both arguments are considered "strong" because they provide valid, logical reasons for and against the statement from different but equally important perspectives (health vs. survival).

The angle between the 2 hands of a clock at 3 PM = 90 degrees where the hour hand is ahead of the minute hand.
The distance between the hands will reduce by 5.5 degrees per minute.
So, the angle between the hands at 3.15 PM = $$90-15\times\ 5.5=7.5$$ degrees or 7 degrees and 30 minutes.

Assertion [A] is true because pressure cookers use Ebonite (a hard vulcanized rubber) for handles to prevent burns.
Reason [R] is false because Ebonite is actually a poor conductor (insulator) of heat, which is precisely why it is used so it stays cool even while the metal pot is hot.
thus, the correct answer is Option C.

Concocted means to create, formulate, mix or invent something, usually in a deceptive way. Cooked up is an informal phrase that means the same thing. Hence, concocted is the best fit here.

Veena inquired of Manorama why she had taken her pen? Is grammatically correct, but it is a sentence of indirect speech, and hence it should not end with a question mark. It should end with a period (full stop)

Milton is the Surdas of England 

This is the correct sentence, grammatically and logically, as it uses the article “the” appropriately, comparing Milton of England to Surdas of India and drawing a similarity between them.

“Brought about his ruin” is a common English idiom, meaning to cause someone’s downfall, destruction or failure, usually due to one’s own doing. So here, brought about ruin is the most appropriate choice.

Rennie is not only kind but also devoted is grammatically and logically correct, but it is the odd one out here, because out of all the sentences, this is the only sentence that uses connective conjunctions (not only…but also); all the other sentences use noun clauses (that, whether)

Cast away

Cast away means to discard, throw or be stranded after a shipwreck. So, here, wrecked (damaged, ruined) is the most appropriate choice.

The land problem is the one that (__) crores of people. We have to fill in this blank appropriately. The correct choice here is affects, since it is a Simple present tense sentence.

We have to fill in this blank with the appropriate option from the given options. We have to evaluate the grammar and singular/plural forms here to pick the right choice.

Have to be is the correct grammatical choice, as the simple present tense is used throughout the paragraph, since the facts are presented in general terms. “ Has to be” is incorrect because “values of life” is plural, and “have” is used with plural forms, whereas “has” is used with singular forms.

Here, “to be” is the correct choice, since the paragraph is in the simple present tense, and to be is the correct form of the simple present tense here.

A simple sentence is, by definition, a sentence that has one subject and one predicate. Example- The cat (subject) sat on the mat (predicate). Hence, statement one is correct.

A simple sentence also has only one finite verb. Like in ‘the cat sat on the mat’, sat is the only verb. Whereas, in a complex sentence “The cat sits on the mat when she feels bored,” there are two verbs- sit and feel. Hence, sentence two is also correct.

Traditional: Someone or something that follows long-established customs, beliefs, or practices passed down from generation to generation. It simply means adherence to old ways. Example: a traditional wedding ceremony.

Orthodox: Conforming strictly to established doctrines, beliefs, or practices — especially in religion. An orthodox person follows the accepted, standard, or conventional way without deviation. Example: an orthodox interpretation of the scripture.

Bigot: A person who is intolerant of those who hold different opinions, belong to a different group, race, religion, or culture. A bigot is stubbornly and unreasonably attached to their own beliefs while being hostile to others. Example: a bigot who refuses to accept people of other faiths.

Ideologue: A person who follows an ideology — a set of beliefs or ideas — very rigidly and dogmatically, often without being open to reason or evidence.

Hence, bigot is the most appropriate choice here. Because a bigot is not just prejudiced but also intolerant of others’ views.

Past Participle usually ends in -ed, -en, -d, -t, used in perfect tenses or passive voice. Example: He has broken the glass. / The work was finished.

So, the selected paper was published is the past participle.

To distinguish Gerund from Present Participle: Both end in -ing, but the gerund acts as a noun (Reading is fun) while the present participle acts as a verb or adjective (She is reading / a reading lamp).

A compound sentence joins two or more independent clauses (each of which can stand alone as a sentence). These clauses are joined by coordinating conjunctions, semicolons, and adverbs, such as no, but, however, whereas, etc.

Christ was hated by his persecutors; nonetheless, he loved them is a compound sentence because first it has a coordinating conjunction- nonetheless and second, because each of the two clauses (Christ was hated by his persecutors, he loved them) is an independent clause that can be used as a sentence of their own.

All other sentences have clauses that cannot be used as sentences on their own, and therefore, they are not compound sentences.

Positive degree is the base/plain form of an adjective or adverb with no comparison involved. It simply describes a quality without comparing it to anything.

"Kashmir is the most beautiful place in the world" is a Superlative Degree sentence, not a positive degree, because of the word "most beautiful."

Similarly, lead is the heaviest of all metals, is superlative, and Marina is fatter than Clara is comparative. Hence, Kalidasa was a great poet in ancient India, which is the only positive degree sentence among the options.

E starts a sentence idea: In order to talk

C continues the idea introduced in the opening sentence

A introduces a new discussion/ question

D is a follow-up pair of A because A ends with ‘whether’ and D follows with ‘it’

B is conclusive of what is needed to answer the question, introduced by A

The moon was bright, and we could see our way in a compound sentence by definition, since it has two independent clauses that can stand as sentences of their own, connected by the adverb and.

A complex sentence contains a main clause and one or more subordinate clauses, which is also the right definition of a complex clause.

Hence, both sentences are correct.

In indirect speech, " will " is replaced by " would,

After all the parts of the sentence are reported using commas + and, the last part starts with ‘and that’.

Options A and C distort the structure slightly

Option D is wrong because it uses will instead of would

The correct passive form is: “Many meaningful lessons are contained in this book for kids.” Contained of/by/to are incorrect prepositions, correct preposition is contained in, which implies the presence of content inside something.

The word synonymous with 'start' is 'genesis,' which means 'the beginning of something.' The start/ genesis of the universe is hence appropriate. Since the passage also discusses the origin and theory of the universe, Genesis is an appropriate replacement for the start.

Evolution refers to growing or development, so it is not a replacement for the start.

Sentences A and D are correct as indicated by the passage.

Sentence A: The eventual goal of science is to provide a single theory that describes the whole universe. From this extract, statement A is correct.

Sentence B: Scientists have tried to understand metaphysics only. Only is an extreme word, and this deems the sentence incorrect. Also, the passage does not imply that scientists work only on metaphysical laws.

Sentence C: Scientists do not have this opinion. According to the passage, some people have this opinion, not scientists specifically.

Sentence D: As indicated by the last sentence of the passage- Yet it appears … the initial state. This line indicates a pattern in how the universe changes.

To assess the adequacy of the market for a business, demand in domestic and international markets, competition analysis, and customer taste and preference analysis are important and directly relevant. But treasury bond yields are a macroeconomic factor used to judge financial markets, not specifically business markets, unless investor funding is directly taken into account.

For example, setting up a sugar-free ice cream startup would not directly consider bond yields when assessing the ice cream market landscape.

Ideation -> Validation -> Financing -> Growth -> Exit is the correct sequence of stages from idea to exit in entrepreneurial financing.

Ideation is the first step because it is the root of an endeavour; next, the idea needs to be validated by assessing its feasibility, demand, and other logistical metrics. Thereafter, financing comes into play, before anything can be implemented, because everything needs capital. After financing, growth will occur, followed by an exit (a premeditated sale, merger, or liquidation).

Market entry and licensing costs, depreciation, and patent registration fees are all directly quantifiable and tangible.

Brand equity and social impact cannot be directly measured in monetary terms; they add long-term value but cannot be assigned a monetary value and are therefore intangible.

Mezzanine financing is a hybrid, subordinated debt-equity instrument that bridges the gap between senior debt and equity, typically used by mature, mid-to-late-stage companies for growth, acquisitions, or restructuring.

Locking down financing involves securing specific terms on loans or investments to mitigate risk

Staged Financing is known for the risk mitigation it offers because by releasing funds in stages (e.g., seed, Series A, B, C), VCs can stop funding if a project is underperforming, preventing further losses. Hence, it is the right answer.

Look-up is not a type of financing.

Ideation is about creating fresh ideas.

Concept development involves defining value propositions and business models.

Implementation involves translating ideas into prototypes and tangible items.

Commercialisation is the launch of a product into the market.

And, these steps are followed in the particular order given above.

Joseph Schumpeter defined the entrepreneur as an innovator and a "disruptive force" who drives economic development by carrying out "new combinations". Instead of just managing, the Schumpeterian entrepreneur breaks the stationary, circular flow of economic activity through creative destruction, introducing new products, methods, markets, or organisational structures. These attributes are those of an innovator; hence, innovator is the correct choice.

The standard steps of the design thinking process, by definition, are- ideate, define, test, prototype and empathise.

So here, brainstorming and incubation do not come.

Brainstorming is part of the ideation process itself; hence, it is not a separate step.

Incubation is a later stage of structured support to enable growth and is not part of the design thinking process.

Entrepreneurs identify a market need and take the associated risks to solve the problem. Hence, entrepreneurs are those who introduce modernisation and innovation. They do not specifically avoid risk or follow global trends.

Entrepreneurs are innovators, and innovation is a fresh idea that is developed into a viable product or service that can generate revenue. Hence, both the assertion and the reasons are correct, and the reason appropriately explains the assertion.

NABARD is the National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development, and hence, the right match for NABARD is rural development.

Atal Innovation Mission was launched to support grass-roots and social innovation and incubation.

Entrepreneurial development programs are for self-employment and the growth of small-scale ventures.

India permits 100% Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Single Brand Retail Trading (SBRT) under the automatic route, allowing foreign entities to own and operate stores without prior government approval.

Externalities are costs or benefits arising from economic activity (production or consumption) that affect third parties who did not choose to be involved. Hence, social or environmental spillover effects can be termed as externalities.

Ex ante analysis involves forecasting future synergies—such as cost savings from shared resources or revenue growth from cross-selling—before a merger or project begins.

Startups face intense margin pressures due to rising production costs and fierce competition, forcing them to focus on optimising gross and operating margins.

To combat this, they leverage synergies through strategic partnerships, collaborative ecosystems, and resource sharing.

The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, drives India's entrepreneurship policy primarily through the Startup India initiative launched in 2016.

Avoidance refers to the tendency to skip or ignore certain aspects to create a sense of comfort.

Resilience refers to quickly recovering from setbacks and getting into action mode; hence, it is the correct choice.

Agility refers to the ability to adjust, move or think quickly.

Leadership involves motivating and guiding individuals toward a common goal.

Bootstrapping refers to launching and growing a business or project using only personal savings and operating revenue, without relying on external funding like venture capital or bank loans. It signifies self-sufficiency, financial discipline, and the retention of full control. Hence, it indicates financial discipline and validates the business before external funding.

It decreases the control dilution, so A is incorrect.

Bootstrapping is unrelated to accounting standards.

Bootstrapping does not directly facilitate negotiation.

Make in India refers to the country’s focus on domestic manufacturing and the related incentives.

Launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on September 25, 2014, Make in India is a major national initiative aimed at transforming India into a global design and manufacturing hub. The initiative aims to boost the manufacturing sector's contribution to GDP to 25%, create 100 million additional jobs, and encourage both domestic and foreign companies to produce in India.

Let’s understand the essence of the sentence to fill in the blanks. Ambidexterity refers to the ability to perform two different tasks simultaneously. Therefore, we can assess that the sentence must be talking about doing two different things simultaneously.

Option B fits best here, exploring new opportunities while exploiting existing resources.

Option A: Human resources is not a good fit.

Market opportunities and exploiting natural resources is not something that a theory would recommend.

To maximise returns, diversification is recommended, as it balances risk and exposure, whereas specialising in a narrow sector can increase risk and reduce returns.

So statement 1 is incorrect.

Diversification across industries and stages helps manage risk and returns, which is correct.

The Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) provides extensive support for establishing and upgrading world-class incubators, offering up to INR 10 Crores in grant-in-aid over 3-5 years for capital and operational expenses. Key initiatives include Atal Incubation Centres (AICs) for new setups and Scale-up support for existing ones, aimed at fostering sector-specific startups in areas such as health, clean tech, and AI.

The SIDBI SMILE (Soft Loan Fund for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) scheme supports MSMEs in manufacturing and service sectors, with a strong focus on 25 "Make in India" sectors. It targets new startups and existing businesses for expansion, modernisation, technology upgrades, and equipment finance.

It is for new and small businesses, so there is no focus on industrialisation or export prospects, and high collateral security is not expected, as these are not extremely capital-intensive loans. The SMILE scheme offers quasi-loans.

Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) refers to the strategy-making processes, methods, and practices that companies use to act entrepreneurially, focusing on innovation, risk-taking, and proactiveness to create competitive advantages.

Managerial efficiency is a quality specific to managers.

Strategic intention refers to the intent to deploy a strategy to the tasks at hand.

Innovative cognition refers to the application of fundamental mental processes (such as memory retrieval, conceptual combination, and analogical thinking) to existing knowledge structures in order to generate new, original, and valuable ideas or products.

Hence, entrepreneurial orientation is the right choice.