The passage below is accompanied by four questions. Based on the passage, choose the best answer for each question.
In the summer of 2022, subscribers to the US streaming service HBO MAX were alarmed to discover that dozens of the platformâs offerings - from the Covid-themed heist thriller Locked Down to the recent remake of The Witches - had been quietly removed from the service . . . The news seemed like vindication to those who had long warned that streaming was more about controlling access to the cultural commons than expanding it, as did reports (since denied by the showâs creators) that Netflix had begun editing old episodes of Stranger Things to retroactively improve their visual effects.
Whatâs less clear is whether the commonly prescribed cure for these cultural ills - a return to the material pleasures of physical media - is the right one. While the makers of Blu-ray discs claim they have a shelf life of 100 years, such statistics remain largely theoretical until they come to pass, and are dependent on storage conditions, not to mention the continued availability of playback equipment. The humble DVD has already proved far less resilient, with many early releases already beginning to deteriorate in quality Digital movie purchases provide even less security. Any film âboughtâ on iTunes could disappear if you move to another territory with a different rights agreement and try to redownload it. Itâs a bold new frontier in the commodification of art: the birth of the product recall. After a man took to Twitter to bemoan losing access to Cars 2 after moving from Canada to Australia, Apple clarified that users who downloaded films to their devices would retain permanent access to those downloads, even if they relocated to a hemisphere where the [content was] subject to a different set of rights agreements. Thanks to the companyâs ironclad digital rights management technology, however, such files cannot be moved or backed up, locking you into watching with your Apple account.
Anyone who does manage to acquire Digital Rights Management free (DRM-free) copies of their favourite films must nonetheless grapple with ever-changing file format standards, not to mention data decay - the gradual process by which electronic information slowly but surely corrupts. Only the regular migration of files from hard drive to hard drive can delay the inevitable, in a sisyphean battle against the ravages of digital time.
In a sense, none of this is new. Charlie Chaplin burned the negative of his 1926 film A Woman of the Sea as a tax write-off. Many more films have been lost through accident, negligence or plain indifference. During a heatwave in July 1937, a Fox film vault in New Jersey burned down, destroying a majority of the silent films produced by the studio.
Back then, at least, cinema was defined by its ephemerality: the sense that a film was as good as gone once it left your local cinema. Today, with film studios keen to stress the breadth of their back catalogues (or to put in Hollywood terms, the value of their IPs), audiences may start to wonder why those same studios seem happy to set the vault alight themselves if itâll help next quarterâs numbers.
Which one of the following statements about art best captures the arguments made in the passage?
Which one of the following statements, if true, would best invalidate the main argument of the passage?
Which of the following statements is suggested by the sentence âBack then, at least, cinema was defined by its ephemerality: the sense that a film was as good as gone once it left your local cinemaâ?
âNetflix had begun editing old episodes of Stranger Things to retroactively improve their visual effects.â What is the purpose of this example used in the passage?
The chart below shows the price data for seven shares - A, B, C, D, E, F, and G as a candlestick plot for a particular day. The vertical axis shows the price of the share in rupees. A share whose closing price (price at the end of the day) is more than its opening price (price at the start of the day) is called a bullish share; otherwise, it is called a bearish share. All bullish and bearish shares are shown in green and red colour respectively.
Daily Share Price Variability (SPV) is defined as (Dayâs high price - Dayâs low price) / (Average of the opening and closing prices during the day). Which among the shares A, C, D and F had the highest SPV on that day?
Daily Share Price Variability (SPV) is defined as (Dayâs high price - Dayâs low price) / (Average of the opening and closing prices during the day). How many shares had an SPV greater than 0.5 on that day?
Daily loss for a share is defined as (Opening price - Closing price) / (Opening price). Which among the shares A, B, F and G had the highest daily loss on that day?
What would have been the percentage wealth gain for a trader, who bought equal numbers of all bullish shares at opening price and sold them at their dayâs high?
Six web surfers M, N, O, P, X, and Y each had 30 stars which they distributed among four bloggers A, B, C, and D. The number of stars received by A and B from the six web surfers is shown in the figure below.
The following additional facts are known regarding the number of stars received by the bloggers from the surfers.
1. The numbers of stars received by the bloggers from the surfers were all multiples of 5 (including 0).
2. The total numbers of stars received by the bloggers were the same.
3. Each blogger received a different number of stars from M.
4. Two surfers gave all their stars to a single blogger.
5. D received more stars than C from Y.