Osmotic Pressure ($$\pi$$)

$$\pi = i \cdot C \cdot R \cdot T$$

Concept: A Colligative Property - Measures the excess pressure required to prevent the inward flow of pure solvent across a semipermeable membrane.

Notation:

• $$\pi$$ = Osmotic pressure;
• $$i$$ = van 't Hoff factor;
• $$C$$ = Molar concentration (Molarity);
• $$R$$ = Gas constant ($$0.0821 \text{ L}\cdot\text{atm}\cdot\text{K}^{-1}\text{mol}^{-1}$$);
• $$T$$ = Absolute temperature ($$\text{K}$$).