Solubility Product ($$K_{sp}$$)

$$\text{A}_x\text{B}_{y(s)} \rightleftharpoons x\text{A}^{y+}_{(aq)} + y\text{B}^{x-}_{(aq)}$$

$$K_{sp} = (x^x) \cdot (y^y) \cdot (S)^{x+y} $$ 

for $$A_{x}B_{y}$$ salt

Concept: Establishes the equilibrium expression for a sparingly soluble salt separating into its constituent ions in a saturated solution.

Notation:

• $$K_{sp}$$ = Solubility product constant;
• $$S$$ = Molar solubility;
• $$x, y$$ = Stoichiometric coefficients of the ions.