The defense proposes to show that the incident that the prosecution so _____________ rejects as _______ did indeed take place.
XAT 2014 Question Paper - VALR
Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate option that follows:
Solution
Option B is the correct answer.
"Cavalierly"< text> means in a dismissive or nonchalant manner, which aligns with the idea of the prosecution rejecting the incident with indifference. "Apocryphal" refers to something of doubtful authenticity, which fits the context of the prosecution dismissing the incident as something that is not believed to be true.
Option A: "Blithely" is too casual and doesn’t fit the strong rejection. "Undesirable" doesn’t capture rejecting something as false.
Option C: "Vehemently" works, but "factual" contradicts the rejection of the incident as false.
Option D: "Persuasively" doesn’t fit the prosecution’s rejection, and "pointless" doesn’t match the context.
Option E: "Convincingly" suits the defense, not the prosecution; "inevitable" doesn’t fit with rejection.
Not just the absence of ____________ , but also the presence of ____________ and honesty is required to bind up the nation’s wound.
Solution
Share
From the given context, we can infer that the first blank is filled with a negative word. Religion in second blank is not in line with the given context. Therefore, options B, C and D are eliminated.
Option B: Retribution means punishment, which isn’t about healing the nation's wounds. Camaraderie refers to friendship, but the sentence is looking for something deeper, like insight (understanding) to heal.
Option E: This is the appropriate answer. "Recrimination" refers to mutual accusations or blame, which should be absent for healing, while "insight" refers to understanding or wisdom, which would help mend the nation's wounds.
In many cases in physics, one has to deal simultaneously with collective and single-particle excitations of the system. The collective excitations are usually bosonic in nature while the single-particle excitations are often fermionic. One is therefore led to consider a system which includes bosons and fermions. Hence, _____________ Which of the following options is most likely to follow the paragraph given above?
Solution
The blank is preceded by the idea of systems which include both bosons and fermions. Therefore, the following sentence must talk about mixed bosons fermions systems.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
Peter has suggested to me that the _____________ of highly systematic and _____________ planning techniques may have led to a substantial ______ in firms’ notions of what is likely to happen in the future, and thus to a _______ in the incidence of mistakes, especially on the part of the ____modern corporations.
Solution
In the given question as they are talking about planning techniques, precision is appropriate than exact. Therefore, options A, B and E are eliminated. In the given context, improvement correspond with the notions.
The answer is option C.
Clinical practitioners ___________ integrated mindfulness _____________ treatment of ________ host of emotional and behavioural disorders, ________ borderline personality disorder, major depression, chronic pain, or eating disorders. Number of such practitioners _________ increased substantially.
Solution
In the given sentence, treatment should be preceded by 'the' as we are talking about particular treatment for given disorders. Therefore, options C and D are eliminated. In the given sentence, number of such practitioners is followed by a singular verb, i.e. has is used instead of have.
The use of "have" in the first blank is appropriate because "Clinical practitioners" is a plural subject, and the present perfect tense ("have integrated") indicates an action that started in the past and continues to be relevant in the present.
The answer is option A.
Ontologies are _____________ equated with taxonomic hierarchies of classes, class definitions, and _______ subsumption relation, _____________ ontologies need not be limited to _____________ forms.
Solution
'the' is used before subsumption relation. Options A, C and D are eliminated. In the given context, 'but' is the appropriate word.
Ontologies are often equated with taxonomic hierarchies of classes, class definitions, and the subsumption relation, but ontologies need not be limited to these forms.
The answer is option E.
For the following questions answer them individually
The MBA (1) is hardly a prerequisite for success, but it (2) certainly helps (3), and it has been getting more important (4) in recent years. Most (5) MBA programs equip their graduates to understand how (6) to deal with many of the important questions that their organizations will need to tackle (7) over time, and (8) that they will face in their careers.
The above italicized numbered words will be correctly represented by the following parts of speech:
Solution
1 - Noun
2- Pronoun
3 - Verb
4 - Adjective
5 - Adjective
6 - Adverb
7 - Verb
8 - Conjunction
Hence, option E is the correct answer.
Read the following paragraph carefully and answer the question that follows:
It is one week since Uttarakhand’s worst disaster in living memory. Flash floods resulting from extremely intense rainfall swept away mountainsides, villages and towns, thousands of people, animals, and agricultural fields, irrigation canals, domestic water sources, dams, roads, bridges, and buildings - anything that stood in the way. A week later, media attention remains riveted on the efforts to rescue tens of thousands of pilgrims and tourists visiting the shrines in the uppermost reaches of Uttarakhand’s sacred rivers. But the deluge spread far
beyond th Char Dhams - Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath - to cover the entire state. The catchments of many smaller rivers also witnessed flash floods, but the media has yet to report on the destruction there. Eyewitness accounts being gathered by official agencies and voluntary organisations have reported devastation from more than 200 villages so far, and more affected villages are being reported every day.
Which of the following would the author agree with the most?
Solution
Option A: From the last part of the paragraph, it can be inferred that the damage was not limited to the Char Dhams. The intensity of the destruction is yet to be reported. Thus, this is not the correct option.
Option D: This is a very extreme statement and hence cannot be the answer.
Option E: Since the author did not draw any comparison between media and voluntary organizations, this is not the correct option.
Options B and: "But the deluge spread far beyond the Char Dhams - Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath - to cover the entire state. The catchments of many smaller rivers also witnessed flash floods but the media has yet to report on the destruction there."
Although both the options are true, option C is the correct option, as this option also covered the reporting part of the disaster.
Thus, the correct option is C.
Which of the following is the correct form of expression for the underlined part of the
sentence below?
Patna is not only the capital of Bihar, but it is also one of the oldest cities in the world and the largest city in the state.
Solution
Whenever we use "the" we use the superlative form of the adjective(oldest), hence C, D, E is incorrect. "Nevertheless" in the second option is erroneous. Option A is the correct answer.
Read the definitions below and select the best match between the numbered sentences and the
definitions.
Premise: A proposition from which another statement is inferred or follows a conclusion.
Assumption: Something, which is accepted as true.Facts: Something, which can be checked.
Reason: A cause, explanation or justification for an action or event.
Conclusion: An end, finish or summarization of process or argument.
Proposition: A statement that expresses judgment or opinion.
Question: A sentence worded or expressed so as to elicit opinion.
Inductive inference: An end, finish or summarization reached for “the whole”, based on “a particular” real incidence.
Deductive Inference: An end, finish or summarization reached based on the combining and recombining two or more than two assumptions
When you look at the people who make fundamental, revolutionary breakthroughs in any field, you keep noticing over and over again a high preponderance of them have some sort of disability when they were younger, whether it was a physical disability or mental disability, which leads to lower expectations from others, whom they always wanted to prove wrong (1). And what does it do (2)? What does that do to you, when you try to prove someone wrong (3)? You increase your engagement in something because you want to fight against those expectations (4). So it seems like it actually can be a gift having what we label as a disability, or disorder, and cause people to overcompensate and engage in things in other ways (5). A research study shows that higher number of people with dyslexia become social entrepreneurs because they over- compensate their disability through nonverbal communication, initiative and grit (6). And this overcompensation leads to greatness (7).The best match would be:
Solution
The first sentence is like the speaker's main idea that they haven't proven yet, so it's an assumption.
The second part is a direct question.
The fourth part gives the reason why people might act a certain way.
The last part is the speaker's final thought or conclusion based on what they've said.
Hence, Option B is correct.
The fatal consequences of having a routine midday meal for at least twenty-two children in Bihar's Saran district expose the chronic neglect of school education in a large part of India (1). That governments cannot find a small piece of land for a school and are unable to store food materials without the risk of contamination is a telling commentary on their commitment to universal primary education (2). The Bihar horror clearly points to the absence of strong normative procedures for the provision of infrastructure, even for a new school (3).
The best match would be:
Solution
Each of the given sentences are summaries of particular events. Therefore, all are inductive inferences as mentioned in the definition.
The answer is option D.
For the following questions answer them individually
Read the following sentences and choose the option that best arranges them in a logical order.
- The mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking is one of the most important issues in the present Particle Physics.
- They are required to give masses for all quarks and leptons and to guarantee the absence of the gauge anomaly.
- In the standard electroweak model a fundamental Higgs doublet is introduced to cause the spontaneous symmetry breaking.
- Supersymmetry (SUSY), eliminating all quadratic divergences, may provide a better theoretical basis to describe a fundamental Higgs boson with a relatively small mass to a high energy cutoff scale, say the Planck scale for example.
- In the minimal SUSY extension of the standards electroweak model the Higgs sector consists of two chiral superfields of Higgs doublets (H1 and H2 with opposite hypercharges).
Solution
4-5-2 form a logical sequence as the supersymmetry mentioned in 4 is explained in 5 and the "they" mentioned in 2 refers to the Higgs doublet mentioned in 5.
Only option A has 4-5-2 as a sequence and is hence, the answer.
Read the following sentences and choose the option that best arranges them in a logical order.
Read the following sentences and choose the option that best arranges them in a logical order.
Choose the best option:
1. Shakespeare did not personally prepare his plays for publication, and no official collection of them appeared until after his death.
2. Some were probably based on actors’ memories of plays.
3. Many of these quartos are quite unreliable.
4. A collection of his sonnets, considered by critics to be among the best ever written in English, appeared in 1609.
5. Many individual plays were published during his lifetime in unauthorized editions known as quartos.
Solution
5-3-2 forms a logical sequence as the quatros introduced in 5 are talked about in 3 and 2.
1-4 form a logical pair 1 introduces Shakespeare's plays and 4 talks about them further.
1 is the opening line as it introduces the topic of discussion.
Hence, the required sequence is 1-4-5-3-2.
Analyze the following passage and provide appropriate answers for the questions that follow.
The assumption of rationality puts an economist in a position to “explain” some features of market behavior, such as the dispersion of prices of psychophysically identical goods such as beer according to the amount spent on advertising them (no doubt, the fact that most beer is bought by individuals rather than as raw material by firms, which could be expected to be more rational than individuals, is part of the explanation.) Clearly something is wrong somewhere with the usual model of a competitive market with perfect information, for the virtually content less advertising cannot be considered as increasing the utility of beer in an obvious way. But if one can keep the assumption of rational actors, one need not get into the intellectual swamp of sentiment nor of preferences that depend on price. If one agrees, for example, that consumers use advertising as an index of the effort a producer will put into protecting its reputation and so as a predictor of quality control efforts, one can combine it with the standard mechanism and derive testable consequences from it.
But why, logically speaking, does it not matter that any of us, with a few years’ training, could disprove the assumptions? It is for the same reason that the statistical mechanics of gases is not undermined when Rutherford teaches a lot of only moderately bright physicists to use X-ray diffraction to disprove the assumption that molecules are little hard elastic balls. The point is, departures that Rutherford teaches us to find from the mechanism built into statistical mechanics are small and hardly ever systematic at level of gases. Ignorance and error about the quality of beer is also, unlikely to be systematic at the level of the consumers’ beer market, though it would become systematic if buyers imposed quality control procedures on sellers in contracts of sale (as corporations very often do in their contracts with suppliers). So when we find beers that advertising can make the ignorance and error systematic at the level of markets, just as lasers with wavelengths resonant with the internal structures and sizes of molecules can make molecular motions in gases systematic. The interesting one is that virtually content-less advertising is nevertheless information to a rational actor.
Which of the following statements would be the closest to the arguments in the passage?
Solution
In first paragraph it is mentioned that the firms could be expected to be more rational than the individuals. This implies that firms, most of the times or may be sometimes are more rational than the individuals.
The answer is option D.
Why has the author referred to Rutherford in the passage?
Solution
The author refers to Rutherford in the passage to emphasize that deviations from assumptions in scientific models, such as statistical mechanics, do not necessarily undermine the validity of those models on a larger scale. This analogy suggests that while there may be minor errors or deviations (such as disproving the assumption that molecules are hard elastic balls), these are typically not systematic at the level of gases. Similarly, in the beer market, minor errors or ignorance about quality are unlikely to be systematic unless certain conditions (like quality control procedures) are introduced. Through this, the author conveys that we should not mix or compare these matters. Option B best captures this point.
Option A: The author is not discussing whether molecules are elastic. The key point is that the assumptions in statistical mechanics can be questioned or disproven; however, these deviations do not significantly affect the overall functioning of the theory.
Option C: There’s no focus on students' quality or ability in the passage.
Option D: The author isn’t directly equating beer with elastic balls. Instead, Rutherford’s work on statistical mechanics is used to make a broader point about how small deviations from assumptions don’t invalidate the overall model.
Option E: The passage doesn't argue that mechanics is more amenable to statistics than gases.
Which of the following, as per author, are psychophysical goods?
1.Concrete
2.Car
3.Mobile Phone
Solution
The author specifically mentions "beer" as an example of psychophysical goods, but no other goods are categorized in the passage as psychophysical goods. Concrete, car, and mobile phone are not mentioned in the passage in the context of psychophysical goods. Therefore, Option E is the correct answer.
Analyze the following passage and provide appreciate answers for the questions that follow.
Ideas involving the theory probability play a decisive part in modern physics. Yet we will still lack a satisfactory, consistence definition of probability; or, what amounts to much the same, we still lack a satisfactory axiomatic system for the calculus of probability. The relations between probability and experience are also still in need of clarification. In investigating this problem we shall discover what will at first seem an almost insuperable objection to my methodological views. For although probability statements play such a vitally important role in empirical science, they turn out to be in principle impervious to strict falsification. Yet this very stumbling block will become a touchstone upon which to test my theory, in order to find out what it is worth. Thus, we are confronted with two tasks. The first is to provide new foundations for the calculus of probability. This I shall try to do by developing the theory of probability as a frequency theory, along the lines followed by Richard von Mises, But without the use of what he calls the ‘axiom of convergence’ (or ‘limit axiom’) and with a somewhat weakened ‘axiom of randomness’ The second task is to elucidate the relations between probability and experience. This means solving what I call the problem of decidability statements. My hope is that the investigations will help to relieve the present unsatisfactory situation in which physicists make much use of probabilities without being able to say, consistently, what they mean by ‘probability’.
The statement, “The relations between probability and experience are still in need of clarification” implies that:
Solution
Option C is the correct answer.
The passage discusses the need for clarification in the relationship between probability and experience. It acknowledges that probability plays a crucial role in empirical science but lacks a consistent definition or axiomatic system. However, it also highlights the difficulty in strictly falsifying probability statements.
The sentence, “The relations between probability and experience are still in need of clarification”, suggests that there's a distinction between probability, which is conceptualized and expressed mathematically, and experience, which refers to real-world observations and phenomena. The need for clarification in their relationship implies that they are not directly interchangeable or equivalent, supporting the idea that probability is mathematical while experience is real.
Author has talked about the two tasks in the above passage. Choose the best option from the following statements relevant to the tasks.
Solution
Author in the given passage aims for a exact and satisfactory definition of probability by clarifying the relationship between probability and experience. There are two tasks mentioned in the passage. The first is to provide new foundations for the calculus of probability. The second task is to elucidate the relations between probability and experience. Both the tasks would be important for the author to test his theory.
The answer is option E.
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
Solution
Options A and B are obviously incorrect because "only" in the option makes it dubious. Similarly, the passage only talks about physics and not other subjects, thus neglecting option C. The passage talks about clarification as far as experience is concerned, rendering Option E wrong. Hence D is the correct answer, as the mathematical nature of physics can be inferred from the passage.
Analyze the following passage and provide appropriate answers for the questions that follow.
The ways by which you may get money almost exception lead downwards. To have done anything by which you earned money merely is to have been truly idle or worse. If the laborer gets no more than the wages which his employer pays him, he is cheated, he cheats himself. If you would get money as a writer or lecturer, you must be popular, which is to go down perpendicularly. Those services which the community will most readily pay for, it is most disagreeable to render. You are paid for being something less than a man. The State does not commonly reward a genius any more wisely. Even the poet laureate would rather not have to celebrate the accidents of royalty. He must be bribed with a pipe of wine; and perhaps another poet is called away from his muse to gauge that very pipe. The aim of the laborer should be, not to get his living, to get “a good job” but to perform well a certain work; and even in a pecuniary sense, it would be economy for a town to pay its laborers so well that they would not feel that they were working for low ends, for a livelihood merely, but for scientific, or even moral ends. Do not hire a man who does your work for money, but him who does it for love of it.
The community has no bribe that will tempt a wise man. You may raise money enough to tunnel a mountain, but you cannot raise money enough to hire a man who is minding his own business. An efficient and valuable man does what he can, whether the community pays him for it or not. The inefficient offer their inefficiency to the highest bidder, and are forever expecting to be put into office. One would suppose that they were rarely disappointed. God gave the righteous man a certificate entitling him to food and raiment, but the unrighteous man found a facsimile of the same in God’s coffers, and appropriated it, and obtained food and raiment like the former. It is one of the most extensive systems of counterfeiting that the world has seen. I did not know that mankind was suffering for want of gold. I have seen a little of it. I know that it is very malleable, but not so malleable as wit. A grain of gold will gild a great surface, but not so much as a grain of wisdom.
Which of the following would the author disagree most with?
Solution
In the first paragraph, the author mentions that to have done anything for which you earned money is to have been truly idle or worse. Here, the author’s perspective is that many forms of earning money are driven by self-interest and lower purposes, emphasizing work being done for love or intrinsic value rather than for monetary gain. Given this, the author would most likely disagree with the notion of doing work that is primarily motivated by money or that involves services or roles appealing to the public's desires in a superficial or materialistic way. Among the given options, Option D is the correct choice because betting in a casino involves gaining without effort.
Option A: This might be viewed as contributing positively to society by providing jobs
Option B: Advertising for a product like toothpaste appeals to commercial needs and might be seen as trivial or not serving a higher purpose, but the author would disagree more with Option D than the idea of advertising.
Option C: Business school can be seen as a place where one learns the tools to run businesses, which could involve both positive and negative motivations. The author need not necessarily disagree with others.
Option E: The author might criticize investment banking for focusing too much on monetary gain. However, it could still be seen as contributing to the economy in a way that gambling doesn't.
Which of the following could be a good title for the above passage?
Solution
Option A is the correct answer. The passage focuses on the relationship between money, labor, and how people work for it. It discusses how laborers are often exploited for money, the idea that work should be done for love or higher purposes, and how money can corrupt one's motivations. The other titles don't directly capture the central theme of work and money as well as this one.
The author of the passage went on to say: “We are provincial, because we do not find at home our standards; because we do not worship truth, but the reflection of truth; because we are warped and narrowed by an exclusive devotion to trade and commerce and manufactures and agriculture and the like, which are but means, and not the end.”
Which of the following, as per author, could have been the end (last words in the lines above)?
Solution
Option B is the correct answer. The author discusses the idea that people focus too much on means (like trade, commerce, and agriculture), which are necessary but should not be the end goal. The passage emphasizes the need for something higher, like performing work for love or moral purposes rather than just for a livelihood. This suggests that the "end" the author refers to could be the realization of self, which aligns with the pursuit of truth, wisdom, and higher moral or intellectual goals.
The other options are not the correct interpretation of the "end" as per the given lines of the passage.
I heartily accept the motto, “That government is best which governs least”; and I should like to see it acted up to more rapidly and systematically. Carried out, it finally amounts to this, which also I believe--“That government is best which governs not at all”; and when men are prepared for it, that will be the kind of governments which they will have. Government is at best but an expedient; but most government are usually, and all governments are sometimes, inexpedient. The objection which have been brought against a standing army, and they are many and weighty, and deserve to prevail, may also at last be brought against a standing government. The standing army is only an arm of the standing government. The government itself, which is only the mode which the people have chosen to execute their will, is equally liable to be abused and perverted before the people can act through it.
After all, the practical reason why, when the power is once in the hands of the people, a majority are permitted, and for a long period continue, to rule is not because they are most likely to be in the right, nor because this seems fairest to the minority, but because they are physically the strongest. But a government in which the majority rules in all cases cannot be based on justice, even as far as men understand it. Can there not be a government in which the majorities do not virtually decide right and wrong, but conscience? -- in which majorities decide only those questions to which the rule of expediency is applicable? Must the citizen ever for a moment or in the least degree, resign his conscience to legislator? Why has every man a conscience then? I think that we should be men first, and subjects afterward. It is not desirable to cultivate a respect for the law, so much as for the right The only obligation which I have a right to assume is to do at any time what I think right. It is truly enough said that a corporation has no conscience; but a corporation of conscientious men is a corporation with a conscience. Law never made men a whit more just; and, by means of their respect for it, even the well-disposed are daily made the agents on injustice.
According to the author of the paragraph, army is _____________ ?
Solution
The author argues against a standing army by stating that the objections to it are "many and weighty" and that they "deserve to prevail." This means that there are many valid objections against the standing army rendering it unnecessary. Therefore, Option E is the correct answer.
Option A: The author does not argue that an army is necessary. Instead, he criticizes standing armies and suggests that objections to them "deserve to prevail."
Option B: The author does not point out its fallibility but rather criticizes standing armies and suggests that objections to them "deserve to prevail." s
Option C: The author does not say that an army is essential. Instead, he suggests that it is not needed.
Option D: The author does not claim that an army is a "necessary" evil; instead, he argues against its very existence.
In general, when would government of majority be good for minorities?
Solution
In the second paragraph, author mentioned, 'Can there not be a government in which the majorities do not virtually decide right and wrong, but conscience?'. He says that conscience should be the one which decides right or wrong. The answer is option D.
While Options A,B and C could seem plausible, the author suggests that the government of majorities would be good for minorities when it is conscientious.
Option E is an extreme option and can be eliminated.
Which of the following statements would the author agree the most with?
Solution
The author argues that individuals should follow their conscience rather than blindly obeying government laws. He says "I think that we should be men first, and subjects afterward."
From this, we can infer that the author believes people should prioritize doing what is morally right over merely following laws. He also states that governments can be abused and are not inherently just, reinforcing the idea that individuals are more important than governments. This is captured in Option A.
Option B: The passage does not discuss about business .
Option C: The author critiques the government but does not outright reject its existence in all cases.
Option D: The author neither addresses the concept of nations nor states that they are redundant.
Option E: The author critiques democracy, arguing that majority rule is not always just. He suggests that conscience, not the majority, should determine what is right.
Analyze the following passage and provide appropriate answers for the questions that follow.
Either explicitly or implicitly, our informants suggest that the objects that transfix them are hoped to be conduits to, rather than surrogates for, love, respect, recognition, status, security, escape, or attractiveness. These are the social relations we desire, consciously or subconsciously, beneath the objects that we find so compelling. The value of the objects that we focus our longing upon inheres less in the object or in a Lacanian search for childhood love than in the culture. The hope for the hope that an altered state of being may result keeps the cycle of desire moving. Desires are nurtured by self-embellished fantasies of a wholly different self, and they may be stimulated by external sources, including advertising, retail displays, films, television programs, stories told by other people, and the consumption behavior of real or imaginary others. But we find that the person who feels strong desire has almost always actively stimulated this desire by attending, seeking out, entertaining, and embellishing such images. The desires that occupy us are vivid and riveting fantasies that we participate in nurturing, growing, and pursuing, through self-seduction.
The social nature of desire implies that preferences of consumers are far from being independent. Yet, choice models assume that preferences of consumers act as individuals. The mimetic aspect of desire creates difficulties for using individual attitude or intention measures to predict adoption of new products whose use will be visible. The notion of desire we have derived suggests that the appeal of the desired object is not inherent in the object itself. Models that begin with preferences for product attributes or benefits are therefore problematic. The consumer, individually and jointly, has a role in constructing the object of desire, within a social context. What makes consumer desire attach to a particular object is not so much the object’s particular characteristics as the consumer’s own hopes for an altered state of being,involving an altered set of social relationships.
Consider the statement given below as true:
“The failure of men to transition from being shoppers and consumers to producers and creators has implications about their manliness.”
Which of the following statements would concur with the above idea and the theme of the main paragraph?
Solution
The paragraph states that the man wants to portray himself better than what he actually is. Option E is in accordance with this.
Hence, option E is the correct answer.
Consider the statement given below as true:
“Men use the plasticity of consumer identity construction to forge atavistic masculine identities based upon an imagined life of self-reliant, pre-modern men who lived outside the confines of cities, families, and work bureaucracies.” Which of the following statements would concur with the above idea and the theme of the main paragraph?
Solution
The passage discusses how consumer desires are often shaped by social context and nurtured through external sources like advertising, media, and social interactions. In the given context of men constructing atavistic masculine identities, this desire for a masculine identity is likely to be fulfilled through consumption that is visible to others, fitting the social and cultural framework described in the passage. Option D captures this idea.
Option A: The passage does not state or suggest that pre-modern men were anti-social. Instead, it emphasizes how desires, including those for identity construction, are socially influenced.
Option B: This is wrong.The passage highlights that consumer desires are socially constructed and often visible, but it does not suggest that products fulfilling antisocial behavior will sell more.
Option C: This is an extreme statement that is not supported by the passage.
Option E: This statement is too broad and vague. The passage discusses how desires are nurtured through social and cultural influences and are expressed through consumption.
Consider the statement given below as true:
“By appropriating fashion discourse, consumers generate personalized fashion narratives and metaphoric and metonymic references that negotiate key existential tensions and that often express resistance to dominant fashion norms in their social milieu or consumer culture at large.”
Which of the following statements would concur with the above idea and the theme of the main paragraph?
Solution
The passage discusses how desires are influenced by social context and external sources like advertising and media. It emphasizes how consumers actively engage in fantasies and desires and how those desires can reflect resistance to societal norms. The statement provided in the question suggests that consumers create personalized fashion narratives as a form of resistance to dominant fashion norms. Therefore, Option D concur with the above idea and the theme of the main paragraph.
In the given context, there is no gender discrimination or anything regarding attractiveness is mentioned. Therefore, options A, C and E are eliminated.
The phrase "Resist all social norms" makes option B extreme.
