[Download PDF] SRCC GBO 2009 Paper with Solutions

Instructions

In each question below are given three statements followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Question 91

Statements: Some apples are watermelons. All watermelons are fresh. Some potatoes are fresh.
Conclusions:
I. Some apples are fresh.
II. Some potatoes are apples.
III. Some watermelons are potatoes.
IV. Some watermelons are apples.

Video Solution

Solution

Statement: Some apples are watermelons. All watermelons are fresh. Some potatoes are fresh.

Now, let us try to negate each option with a possible scenario, and if we find an option that cannot be negated, that shall be the correct answer.

1. Some apples are fresh: We know that every watermelon is fresh. We also know that some apples are watermelons (which are fresh). Hence, those apples that are watermelons must also be fresh in every case. This is a valid conclusion.

2. Some potatoes are apples: We know that some potatoes are fresh, while all watermelons are fresh. It is also given that some apples are watermelons. We can form a possible scenario where no potatoes are watermelons (fresh encompassing both of them as two separate subsets), and then some apples being watermelons. From this, we can negate the case of some potatoes being apples.

3. Some watermelons are potatoes: e know that some potatoes are fresh, while all watermelons are fresh. We can form a possible scenario where no potatoes are watermelons (fresh encompassing both of them as two separate subsets). From this, we can negate the case of some watermelons being potatoes.

4. Some watermelons are apples: It is clearly given that some apples are watermelons. Hence, we are sure that some watermelons will always be apples, if not all. This is a valid conclusion.

Question 92

Statements: All pens are pencils. Some pens are erasers. Some erasers are clips.
Conclusions:
I. Some clips are pens.
II. No clip is a pen.
III. Some erasers are pencils.
IV. No eraser is a pencil.

Video Solution

Solution

We know: All pens are pencils. Some pens are erasers. Some erasers are clips.

We shall now test each of the conclusions and try negating them. The ones that will be necessarily true in every case shall be valid in nature.

1 and 2. Some clips are pens, and no clip is a pen: We know that some pens are erasers and some erasers are in-turn clips. Hence, clips and pens can overlap, or they can be disjointed sets. There is no other possibility. Hence, either of 1 or 2 shall be true.

3. Some erasers are pencils: We know that all pens are pencils, and some pens are erasers. Hence, there are definitely some pens that are both erasers and pencils, making at least a small part of erasers overlap with pencils. This makes 3 a valid conclusion.

4. No eraser is a pencil: This is an invalid conclusion as there are definitely some pens that are both erasers and pencils, making at least a small part of erasers overlap with pencils.

Question 93

Statements: Some books are papers. Some papers are plastic. No plastic is black.
Conclusions:
I. Some papers are not black.
II. All papers are not black.
III. Some papers are black.
IV. Some books are black.

Video Solution

Solution

We know: Some books are papers. Some papers are plastic. No plastic is black.

We shall now test each of the conclusions by negating them, and the ones which shall hold true in every case are valid in nature.

1. Some papers are not black: This is a true statement since some papers are plastic, and no plastic can be black. Hence, The papers which are plastic are definitely not black.

2. All papers are not black: We cannot be sure about this conclusion, as we merely know that papers that are plastic are definitely not black. However, we don't have any information about the papers which are not plastic, they may or may not be black.

3. Some papers are black: Again, we cannot be sure about this conclusion because there can be a case when papers and black are totally disjointed sets.

4. Some books are black: Invalid conclusion by the same logic as mentioned in 3.

Question 94

Statements: Some doors are windows. All windows are black. Some black are brown.
Conclusions:
I. Some windows are brown.
II. All doors are black.
III. Some doors are black.
IV. No window is brown.

Video Solution

Solution

We know: Some doors are windows. All windows are black. Some black are brown.

We shall now test each option by negating them with a possible scenario, and the one that holds true for every scenario shall be a valid conclusion.

1 and 4. Some windows are brown, and no windows are brown. It is clear from the given information that there can be a possibility of windows overlapping with brown as all windows are black and some black are brown. However, we cannot be sure that some windows will fall under brown. Hence, one of the two conclusions shall definitely be true.

2. All doors are black: We only know that some doors are windows, that in turn, are black. However, we cannot say for sure that all doors can be classified as windows for them to be black. Hence, an invalid conclusion.

3. Some doors are black: It is known that some doors are windows, and all windows are black. Hence, the doors that are windows shall also be black. This is a valid conclusion.

Question 95

Statements: All teachers are doctors. All doctors are engineers. All engineers are typists.
Conclusions:
I. Some typists are teachers.
II. All doctors are typists.
III. Some engineers are teachers.
IV. All doctors are teachers.

Video Solution

Solution

We know: All teachers are doctors. All doctors are engineers. All engineers are typists.

Now, we shall test each option by finding a scenario where the conclusion would not hold true. One which shall hold true in all the cases shall be valid in nature.

1. It is clear that all teachers are typists, because of the given data. Hence, we can conclude that some typists must be teachers.

2. This is a valid conclusion by the same logic as Option 1.

3. Since all doctors are engineers, some engineers shall definitely be doctors. This is a valid conclusion.

4. We only know that all teachers are doctors, but we cannot say vice versa. It might be possible that there are doctors that cannot be classified as teachers. Hence, an invalid conclusion.

Instructions

In each question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problems, policy, etc. on the basis of the information given in the statement. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the given suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing.

Question 96

Statement: Air export volumes have increased substantially over the past decade causing backlogs and difficulties for air cargo agents because of increased demand for space and service.
Courses of Action:
I. Airlines and air cargo agents should jointly work out a solution to combat the problem.
II. The reasons for the increase in the volume of air export should be found out.

Video Solution

Solution

The statement talks about an increase in air export volumes that is causing problems for air cargo argents.

The first course of action talks about airlines and air cargo working together for a solution. However, the statement mentions nothing about the airlines, and hence, we cannot say whether the problem even concerns the airlines. Hence, it is an invalid course of action.

The second course of action talks about finding the reason for the increased volume, that has eventually caused problems for air cargo. This is a valid course of action, since it will help in coming up with potential solutions.

Question 97

Statement: The world conference on “Education of All” took place in Thailand in 1990. Widely attend conference endorsed the Framework for Action for Meeting the Basic Learning Needs of all Children.
Course of Action:
I. India should suitably implement the Action points of this conference.
II. India should also immediately organize this type of conference.

Video Solution

Solution

The statement talks about a world conference that laid down some framework with respect to meeting the learning needs of children.

The first course of action states that India shall implement the framework, which is a valid statement considering the utility of the said framework. Hence, a valid course of action.

The second course of action states that India shall conduct a similar conference immediately, which seems to be serving no purpose. This is because the framework has already been laid down and widely discussed, thereby making another conference a not-so-urgent event. Hence, an invalid course of action.

Question 98

Statement: About 30 to 40% of children who are enrolled, do not attend school on any given day.
Course of Action:
I. More schools should be started
II. Reasons for their absenteeism should be found out.

Video Solution

Solution

The statement talks about many students being absent from the school.

The first course of action talks about opening new schools, which seems to be irrelevant considering the issue of absenteeism even in the current school.

The second course of action talks about finding the reason for absenteeism, which is definitely a good idea to come up with potential solutions in for combating the issue.

Question 99

Statement: Although the Indian economy is still heavily dependent on agriculture, its share in global agricultural trade is less than the share of agricultural exports to total exports.
Course of Action:
I. Efforts should be made to increase our agricultural production.
II. The exports of non-agricultural commodities should be reduced.

Video Solution

Solution

The statement talks about India's share in global agricultural trade being less than the share of agricultural exports to total exports.

Both courses of action seem to be invalid in this case. This is because we neither know whether the issue is due to the lower agricultural production nor if the reduction of export of non-agricultural commodities is a potential solution.

Question 100

Statement: Huge amount of resources are required to develop tourist places in a country like India which is endowed with vast coastal lines, rivers, forests, temples, etc.
Courses of Action:
I. More tourist-resorts along the coastal line only should be started.
II. The tourist-potential of India should be exploited.

Video Solution

Solution

The statement talks about the requirement of natural resources for developing India's tourist spots, as well as the vast number of potential tourist attractions that are present.

The first course of action makes sense since India has a vast coastal line, and it can be turned into a tourist attraction.

The second course of action also makes sense since there are various potential tourist attractions in India.

CAT Content

SRCC GBO 2009

Statements: Some apples are watermelons. All watermelons are fresh. Some potatoes are fresh.Conclusions:I. Some apples are fresh.II. Some potatoes are apples.III. Some watermelons are potatoes.IV. Some watermelons are apples.

Statements: All pens are pencils. Some pens are erasers. Some erasers are clips.Conclusions:I. Some clips are pens.II. No clip is a pen.III. Some erasers are pencils.IV. No eraser is a pencil.

Statements: Some books are papers. Some papers are plastic. No plastic is black.Conclusions:I. Some papers are not black.II. All papers are not black.III. Some papers are black.IV. Some books are black.

Statements: Some doors are windows. All windows are black. Some black are brown.Conclusions:I. Some windows are brown.II. All doors are black.III. Some doors are black.IV. No window is brown.

Statements: All teachers are doctors. All doctors are engineers. All engineers are typists.Conclusions:I. Some typists are teachers.II. All doctors are typists.III. Some engineers are teachers.IV. All doctors are teachers.

Statement: About 30 to 40% of children who are enrolled, do not attend school on any given day.Course of Action:I. More schools should be startedII. Reasons for their absenteeism should be found out.

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Statements: Some apples are watermelons. All watermelons are fresh. Some potatoes are fresh.
Conclusions:
I. Some apples are fresh.
II. Some potatoes are apples.
III. Some watermelons are potatoes.
IV. Some watermelons are apples.

Statements: All pens are pencils. Some pens are erasers. Some erasers are clips.
Conclusions:
I. Some clips are pens.
II. No clip is a pen.
III. Some erasers are pencils.
IV. No eraser is a pencil.

Statements: Some books are papers. Some papers are plastic. No plastic is black.
Conclusions:
I. Some papers are not black.
II. All papers are not black.
III. Some papers are black.
IV. Some books are black.

Statements: Some doors are windows. All windows are black. Some black are brown.
Conclusions:
I. Some windows are brown.
II. All doors are black.
III. Some doors are black.
IV. No window is brown.

Statements: All teachers are doctors. All doctors are engineers. All engineers are typists.
Conclusions:
I. Some typists are teachers.
II. All doctors are typists.
III. Some engineers are teachers.
IV. All doctors are teachers.

Statement: About 30 to 40% of children who are enrolled, do not attend school on any given day.
Course of Action:
I. More schools should be started
II. Reasons for their absenteeism should be found out.