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In each question below are given three statements followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements: Some apples are watermelons. All watermelons are fresh. Some potatoes are fresh.
Conclusions:
I. Some apples are fresh.
II. Some potatoes are apples.
III. Some watermelons are potatoes.
IV. Some watermelons are apples.
Statement: Some apples are watermelons. All watermelons are fresh. Some potatoes are fresh.
Now, let us try to negate each option with a possible scenario, and if we find an option that cannot be negated, that shall be the correct answer.
1. Some apples are fresh: We know that every watermelon is fresh. We also know that some apples are watermelons (which are fresh). Hence, those apples that are watermelons must also be fresh in every case. This is a valid conclusion.
2. Some potatoes are apples: We know that some potatoes are fresh, while all watermelons are fresh. It is also given that some apples are watermelons. We can form a possible scenario where no potatoes are watermelons (fresh encompassing both of them as two separate subsets), and then some apples being watermelons. From this, we can negate the case of some potatoes being apples.
3. Some watermelons are potatoes: e know that some potatoes are fresh, while all watermelons are fresh. We can form a possible scenario where no potatoes are watermelons (fresh encompassing both of them as two separate subsets). From this, we can negate the case of some watermelons being potatoes.
4. Some watermelons are apples: It is clearly given that some apples are watermelons. Hence, we are sure that some watermelons will always be apples, if not all. This is a valid conclusion.
