Target Catalytic Industrial Applications

Industrial Reactions Matrix:

$$\begin{aligned} \text{Finely divided Fe:} &\quad \text{Haber's Process for Ammonia synthesis } (\text{N}_2 + 3\text{H}_2 \longrightarrow 2\text{NH}_3) \\ \text{V}_2\text{O}_5 \text{ (Vanadium Pentoxide):} &\quad \text{Contact Process for Sulfuric acid manufacturing } (2\text{SO}_2 + \text{O}_2 \longrightarrow 2\text{SO}_3) \\ \text{Finely divided Ni:} &\quad \text{Catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oils} \end{aligned}$$

Concept: Connects core transition elements and their oxides to their high-yield industrial applications, which frequently serve as the basis for direct match-the-following or statement-based questions in examinations.

Notation:

• $$\text{Fe}$$ = Iron catalyst (often promoted by $$\text{Mo}$$);
• $$\text{V}_2\text{O}_5$$ = Vanadium pentoxide catalyst;
• $$\text{Ni}$$ = Nickel catalyst utilized for unsaturated fat conversion.