Doppler Effect

Doppler Effect

Change in observed frequency due to relative motion between source and observer.

### General Formula

$$f'=f\frac{v\pm v_o}{v\mp v_s}$$

### Terminologies

- f' → Observed frequency.

- f → Actual frequency.

- v → Velocity of sound.

- vo → Velocity of observer.

- vs → Velocity of source.

### Conditions / Special Cases

- Observer moving towards source:

$$+v_o$$

- Source moving towards observer:

$$+v_s$$

### Usage

- Used in sound frequency change problems.