In a batch of 50 students has ratio of Boys to Girls as 4:6. Average marks of Girls are 60 and Average marks of the batch is 62. Average Marks of Boys will be:
CMAT 2022 Question Paper
For the following questions answer them individually
Solution
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Let the number of boys be 4x and number of girls be 6x
Given, 4x+6x = 50
x = 5
Number of boys = 20 and number of girls = 30
Average marks of girls = 60
Total marks scored by girls = 60$$\times\ $$30 = 1800
Average marks score by batch = 62
Total marks scored by batch = 62$$\times\ $$50 = 3100
Marks scored by boys = 3100 - 1800 = 1300
Average marks of boys = $$\frac{1300}{20}$$ = 65
Answer is option D.
Four sheep farmers rented a pasture, Anil grazed his 24 sheep for 3 months, Bimal 10 sheep for 5 months, Champak 35 sheep for 4 months and Damodar 21 sheep for 3 months,. If Anil’s share of rent is Rs. 720, find the total rent of the pasture :
Solution
A : B : C : D = 24($$\frac{3}{12}$$) : 10($$\frac{5}{12}$$) : 35($$\frac{4}{12}$$) : 21($$\frac{3}{12}$$)
A : B : C ; D = 6 : $$\frac{25}{6}$$ : $$\frac{35}{3}$$ : $$\frac{21}{4}$$
A : B: C : D = 72 : 50 : 140 : 63
Anil's rent = $$\frac{72}{72+50+140+63}\times\ $$ Total rent
720 = $$\frac{72}{325}\times\ $$ T
T = Rs 3,250
Answer is option B.
A copper wire having length of 243m and diameter 4 mm was melted to form a sphere. Find the diameter of the sphere :
Solution
Volume of copper wire melted will be equal to volume of sphere.
Volume of copper wire = Area $$\times\ $$ length = $$\pi\ \left(\frac{2}{10}\right)^2\times\ 24300\ cm^3$$
Let the radius of sphere be r
$$\frac{4}{3}\pi\ r^{3\ \ }=\ \pi\ \left(\frac{2}{10}\right)^2\times\ 24300\ cm^3$$
$$r^3$$ = 729
r = 9 cm
Diameter of sphere = 2(9) = 18 cm
Answer is option B.
If the cost price is 80% of the selling price, then what is the profit in percentage?
Solution
Given, cost price is 80% of selling price
C.P = 0.8 S.P
Profit = $$\ \frac{\ S.P\ -\ C.P}{C.P}\times\ 100$$
= $$\ \frac{\ S.P\ -\ 0.8S.P}{0.8S.P}\times\ 100$$
=$$\ \frac{0.2}{0.8}\times\ 100$$
= 25%
Answer is option B
In a bag there are 15 red balls and 10 green balls. Three balls are selected at random. The probability of selecting 2 red balls and 1 green ball is :
Solution
Number of ways of selecting 2 red balls and 1 green ball = $$15_{C_2}.\ 10_{C_1}$$
Number of ways of selecting 3 balls = $$25_{C_3}$$
Probability of selecting 2 red balls and 1 green ball = $$\ \frac{15_{C_2}.10_{C_1}}{25_{C_3}}$$ = $$\frac{21}{46}$$
Answer is option A.
With an average speed of 40 km/hr, a train reaches its destination in time. If it goes with an average speed of 30 km/hr, it is late by 36 minutes. The total distance travelled by train is :
Solution
Let us consider with average speed of 40 km/hr, train reached its destination in time t hrs
with average speed of 30 km/hr, it takes t +$$\frac{36}{60}$$ hrs
Distance will be same in both the cases
40t = 30t + 18
10t = 18
t = $$\frac{18}{10}$$
Distance = 40t = 40$$\times\ \frac{18}{10}$$ = 72 km
Answer is option A.
A man borrows Rs 4000 at 15% compound interest. At the end of each year, he pays back Rs 1500. How much additional amount is required to pay at the end of third year to clear all his dues :
Solution
Initial amount = Rs 4000
Compounded amount after one year = $$4000\left(1+\frac{15}{100}\right)=4600$$
Final amount after one year = 4600 - 1500 = Rs 3100
Compounded amount after at the end of two years = $$3100\left(1+\frac{15}{100}\right)=3565$$
Final amount at the end of two years = 3565-1500 = Rs 2065
Compounded amount after at the end of three years = $$2065\left(1+\frac{15}{100}\right)=2374.75$$
Final additional amount at the end of three years = 2374.75-1500 = Rs 874.75
The answer is option D.
The following pie chart embodies the details about the per cent production by seven different companies A-G with the total production for all companies at 1500 units.
(A) Companies A & G are producing more than 500 units
(B) Companies B & F are producing less than 250 units
(C) Companies C & E account for 705 units
(D) Companies D & G are producing less than 200 units
(E) Companies E, F & G account for 545 units
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Solution
Total production = 1500 units
A) A and G production = 240 + 180 = 420 (not greater than 500)
B) B and F production = 165 + 75 = 240 ( is less than 250)
C) C and E production = 315 + 390 = 705
D) D and G production = 135 +180 = 315 ( not less than 200)
E) E, F and G production = 390 + 75 + 180 = 645 ( not equal to 545)
Only (B) and (C) are true.
Answer is option B.
In a local election between two candidates, one candidate got 55% of the total valid votes and was declared as winner. 15% of the votes were invalid. If the total number of votes polled were 15200, what were the valid votes of the loser :
Solution
Total number of votes = 15200
15% of total votes are invalid, this implies 85% are valid.
55% of valid votes are secured by winner, this implies 45% of valid votes are secured by loser
Voted secured by loser = $$\frac{45}{100}\times\ \frac{85}{100}\times\ 15200$$ = 5814
Answer is option C.
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If $$\frac{1}{x}$$ is a positive fraction and $$\frac{1}{y}$$ is a negative fraction then which of the following statements are true
(A) $$\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{y}$$ is positive
(B) $$\frac{1}{x} - \frac{1}{y}$$ is positive
(C) $$\frac{x - y}{xy}$$ is negative
(D) $$\frac{1}{xy}$$ is positive
(E) $$\frac{1}{x^2} - \frac{1}{y^2}$$ is positive
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Solution
It is given that $$\frac{1}{x}$$ is positive and $$\frac{1}{y}$$ is negative, this implies that x is positive and y is negative.
A) $$\frac{1}{x}\ +\ \frac{1}{y}$$ is positive, we know x is positive, and y is negative, but we cannot conclude which value is greater. Therefore, this may or may not be true.
B)$$\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}$$ is positive; we know that x is positive and y is negative. So this statement is definitely true.
C) $$\ \frac{\ x-y}{xy}$$= -($$\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}$$)
As $$\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}$$ is positive, $$\ \frac{\ x-y}{xy}$$ is negative and statement is true.
D) $$\frac{1}{xy}$$ is negative as x is positive and y is negative. Therefore, the statement is false.
E)$$\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{y^2}$$ is positive only when $$y^2>x^2$$, but we cannot conclude which value is greater. Therefore, this may or may not be true.
Only (B) and (C) are true.
Answer is option B
The average age of three friends is 20 years and their ages are in the proportion 2:3:5, the age of the oldest friend is :
Solution
Given average age of three friends is 20 years
Sum of their ages = $$3\times\ 20$$ = 60 years
Given, their ages are in ratio 2:3:5. Let their ages be 2x, 3x and 5x
2x + 3x + 5x = 60
10x = 60
x = 6
Their ages are 12 years, 18 years and 30 years
Age of oldest friend = 30 years
Answer is option C.
Match List I with List II. The following table embodies the details about the enrollment of students in five different activities namely Swimming, Singing, Drawing, Dancing and Handicraft in a School during the session 2020-21. A total number of 3000 students including 1750 girls have been enrolled in various activities in the school. Based on the data in the table, match the following :
Activity-wise Enrollment of Students
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Solution
Total number of students is given and percentage of students enrolled in different activity is given. Calculating number of students participating in each activity, we get
A) Boys enrolled in singing and handicraft = 140 + 365 = 505 (III)
B) Girls enrolled in swimming and drawing = 245 + 280 = 525 (II)
C) Girls enrolled in singing and drawing = 490 + 280 = 770 (IV)
D) Girls enrolled in dancing and handicraft = 350 + 385 = 735 (I)
Therefore, answer is option D.
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If a 30 meter ladder is placed against a wall such that it just reaches the top of the wall, if the horizontal distance between the wall and the base of the ladder is 1/3rd of the length of ladder, then the height of wall is :
Solution
AC is ladder, C is base of ladder, AB is wall
Given AC = 30 m and BC = $$\frac{1}{3}AC$$ = $$\frac{1}{3}\left(30\right)$$ = 10 m
Applying pythagoras theorem,
$$AB^2+\ BC^2=\ AC^2$$
$$AB^2$$ = $$30^2-10^2$$ = 800
AB = $$20\sqrt{\ 2}$$
Answer is option B.
Consider the following table that shows the percentage (%) distribution of workforce of India and ratio of male to female workforce of India in different employment sectors during a given year. Total workforce in all the sectors put together is 60 lakhs. Based on the data contained in the table, answer the question :
Sector-wise Distribution of Workforce of India
The number of male workforce in SA and MA sectors put together is approximately what percent of the total number of workforce in PT sector?
Solution
Total workforce = 60 lakhs
Male workforce in SA and MA sectors = 450 + 540 = 990
Total workforce is PT sector = 1140
% required = $$\frac{990}{1140}\times\ 100$$ = 86.8% $$\approx\ $$ 87%
Answer is option B.
The number of female workforce in SE and PR sectors put together is what percent of the number of male workforce in CM sector?
Solution
Total workforce = 60 lakhs
Female workforce in SE and PR = 360 + 630 = 990
Male workforce in CM = 300
% required = $$\frac{990}{300}\times\ 100$$ = 330%
Answer is option A.
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The difference in the number of female workforce in SA and MA sectors put together and the number of female workforce in PT sector is :
Solution
Total workforce = 60 lakhs
Female workforce in SA and MA = 2.7 + 7.2 = 9.9 lakhs
Female workforce in PT = 4.275 lakhs
Difference = 9.9 - 4.275 = 5.625 $$\approx\ $$ 5.6 lakhs
Answer is option C.
For the following questions answer them individually
One pipe can fill a tank three times as fast as another pipe. If the two pipes together can fill the tank in 36 minutes, then the slower pipe will take how much time to fill the tank alone?
Solution
Let slower pipe fill the tank at the rate x units/ minute.
Faster pipe will fill tank at the rate of 3x units/ minute
Number of units filled by both the pipes in a minute = 4x
Total time taken to fill tank = 36 minutes
capacity of tank = 36$$\times\ $$4x = 144x
Time taken by slower pipe to fill the tank = $$\frac{144x}{x}$$ = 144 minutes
Answer is option D.
A bag contains 6 red balls, 11 yellow balls and 5 pink balls. If two balls are drawn at a random from the bag, one after another. What is the probability that the first ball drawn was red and the second ball drawn was yellow in colour?
Solution
There are 6 red balls, 11 yellow balls and 5 pink balls
Total number of balls = 6 + 11 + 5 = 22
Probability of selecting red ball = $$\frac{6}{22}$$
After selecting one ball, there are 21 balls left
Probability of selecting yellow ball = $$\frac{11}{21}$$
Therefore, probability = $$\frac{6}{22}\times\ \frac{11}{21}$$ = $$\frac{1}{7}$$
Answer is option C.
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Given below are two statements:
Statement I : The set of numbers (7,8,9,a,b,10,8,7) has an arithmetic mean of 9 and mode(most frequently occurring number) as 8, Then a x b = 120.
Statement II : Let a and b be two positive integers such that a + b + a x b = 84, then a + b =20.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
Solution
Statement I:
Given arithmetic mean of (7,8,9,a,b,10,8,7) is 9 and mode is 8
7+8+9+a+b+10+8+7 = $$9\times\ 8$$
49+a+b = 72
a+b = 23
It is mentioned that mode is 8, 8 occurred twice and 7 also occurred twice. Therefore, a or b should be 8
If a = 8, b = 15
If b = 8, a = 15
ab = 120
Statement I is true
Statement II:
a + b + ab = 84
1 + a + b + ab = 85
(1+a)(1+b) = 85
85 = 1 $$\times\ $$ 85 or 5 $$\times\ $$ 17
It cannot be 1$$\times\ $$85, as it is mentioned both a and b are positive integers
If 1+a = 5, 1+b = 17
a =4 and b = 16
If 1+a = 17, 1+b = 5
a = 16 and b = 4
In both cases, a+b = 20
Statement II is true
Answer is option A.
If (x + y) = 3, xy = 2, then what is the value of $$x^3+y^3$$:
Solution
Given,
x + y = 3 and xy = 2
$$x^3+y^3\ =\ \left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)$$
x + y = 3
squaring on both sides
$$\left(x+y\right)^2$$ = 9
$$x^2+y^2+2xy$$ = 9
$$x^2+y^2$$ = 9-4 = 5
$$x^3+y^3$$ = 3(5-2) = 9
Answer is option D.
A statement is followed by assumption I and II. An assumption is supposed to be taken for granted. Consider the statement and the assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Statement : The Government has decided to relocate all the brick kilns away from the city.
Assumption I : Pollution in the city is being caused only because of the brick Kilns in the city
Assumption II : Workers shall be able to travel daily to the new site of Brick Kilns
Solution
The assumption I is not implicit and the assumption is implicit because without assuming this factor relocation will not make sense. Therefore, answer is option B.
Each of the five balls, such as Red, Blue, Yellow, Black and Green is of a different weight. It is known that:
(i) Black ball is heavier than the Red and Blue balls.
(ii) Yellow ball is lighter than the Red ball.
(iii) Blue ball is heavier than the Red and Green balls.
Which ball could be the lightest one?
Solution
From statements (i) and (ii) we can infer that the black ball is heavier than the red, blue and yellow balls since the yellow ball is lighter than the red ball and the black ball is heavier than the red ball.
Similarly from statements (i) and (ii), we can conclude that the black ball is heavier than the green ball. Therefore, the black ball is the heaviest.
Now from statements (ii) and (iii), we can infer that the blue ball is the second heaviest.
It is given that the yellow ball is lighter than the red ball so the red ball cannot be the lightest ball.
Therefore the lightest ball is either the green ball or the yellow ball.
In a college 200 students are randomly chosen. 140 like tea and 120 like Coffee and 70 like both tea and coffee. How many like neither tea nor coffee?
Solution
Tea - A, Coffee - B
n(A $$ \cup $$ B) = n(A) + n(B) - n (A $$ \cap $$ B)
n(A $$ \cup $$ B) = 140 + 120 - 70 = 190
Number of students who like tea or coffee = 190
Therefore, number of students who like neither tea nor coffee = 200 - 190 = 10
Answer is option D.
Complete the series; DIT, GMQ, KQM, PUH,____
Solution
Considering the first letters of each term.
There are 2 alphabets in between D and G (E and F).
There are 3 alphabets between G and K (H, I and J).
There are 4 alphabets between K and P (L, M, N, and O)
Hence, there will be 5 alphabets between P and the required letter. Thus, the required letter will be V (Q, R, S, T and U)
Considering the second letter of each term.
There are three alphabets between each of the second terms, I and M (J, K, L), M and Q (N, O, P), and Q and U (R, S, T).
Hence, there will be three terms between the required term and U, i.e., V, W, X. Thus, the required second term is Y.
Hence, the answer is option A.
Ram travelled towards East from his office. After travelling 10 Km, he took a right turn and covered 2 km. Then he took a 45 Degree turn in clockwise direction and travels 3 km. In which direction is he travelling now?
Solution
Ram travelled 10 km east and then he turned right which means he is travelling in the south direction now. He travels in the south direction for 2 km. Now he took a 45-degree turn in the clockwise direction which means he is now travelling in the south-west direction
At 3’O Clock, if Hour hand points towards West, in which
direction will the minute hand points at 7.45 p.m.
Solution
The minute hand at 7:45 will point in an opposite direction to the hour hand at 3'O clock. Therefore, as the hour hand at 3'O clock points in the east direction so the minute hand at 7:45 will point in the east direction.
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R)
Assertion (A) : Money can resolve most of our problems.
Reason (R) : We are living in a hierarchical society.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
Solution
In the given question, both assertion and reason are correct. Given two statements are not related to each other in any way. Therefore, the reason is not the explanation of assertion.
Answer is option B.
Complete the series; FAQ, AQF, ___, FAQ, AQF
Solution
From the 2nd term onwards,
1st letter of every term is 2nd letter of the previous term
2nd letter of every term is 3rd letter of the previous term
3rd letter of every term is 1st letter of the previous term
2nd term is AQF so as per the above logic third term will be QFA.
B, C, D, E, G, H are six persons sitting in a row, not necessarily in the same order. Two persons are sitting between C and G. C is placed to the immediate left of B. D is the first one in the row. C and H are not sitting together. Which one/ones of the following represent/s the correct arrangement of their sitting?
(A) D, H, G, E, B, C
(B) D, C, B, H, G, E
(C) D, G, H, E, C, B
(D) D, G, E, H, C, B
Solution
C is to the immediate left of B but in option (A) B is to the immediate left of C so option (A) is eliminated.
C and H are not sitting together but in option (D) C and H are sitting together so option (D) is also eleiminated.
144 is related to 77 in the same way as 168 is related to_____.
Solution
$$\frac{144}{2}+5\ =\ 77$$
Similarly,
$$\frac{168}{2}+5\ =\ 89$$
Answer is option D.
A device classifies numbers according to the following criteria. The number must have
(A) The number has five digits
(B) First and last digits are perfect squares.
(C) The middle digit is an odd number and it is an addition of first and last digits.
(D) Second and fourth digits are the difference between first and third digits, third and fifth digits.
Which of the following number could be correct according to the conditions given above?
Solution
5 digit number - _ , _ , _ , _ , _
It is given that first and last digit is a perfect square, it can be 0, 1, 4, 9
It is mentioned that middle digit is sum of first and last digits; therefore, 9 cannot be one of the digits.
1) 1 , _ , 1 , _ , 0
2) 1 , _ , 5 , _ , 4
3) 4 , _ , 5 , _ , 1
It is mentioned that the second and fourth digits are the difference between first and third digits, third and fifth digits. Therefore,
1) 1 , 0 , 1 , 1 , 0
2) 1 , 4 , 5 , 1 , 4
3) 4 , 1 , 5 , 4 , 1
Answer is option A.
Select the pair which has following type of relationship;
Circle: Circumference
Solution
Circumference is perimeter of the circle. Therefore, rectangle:perimeter is the correct option.
Answer is option C.
Find the odd one among the following:
Solution
All the above vegetables are formed by layer form, but not potato.
Six students P,Q,R,S,T and U are sitting around a Hexagonal table each at one corner and facing the center of hexagon. P is second to the left of U, Q is neighbor of R and S. T is second to the left of S. Who is on the right of R?
Solution
It is given that,
Q is neighbour of R and S, and T is to the second left of S. Therefore, the only possible arrangement is
It is given that, P is to the second left of U.
Final arrangement:
P is to the right of R.
Answer is option B.
Complete the sequence: 24, __, 48, 63
Solution
All the terms are of the form $$x^2-1$$
$$5^2-1=24$$, $$7^2-1=48$$, $$8^2-1=63$$ therefore $$6^2-1=35$$ is the correct answer.
A is the sister of B’s father-in-law. A and C are siblings. D is the husband of B. How is D related to A?
Solution
It is given that A is the sister of B's father-in-law and D is B's husband so from this we can conclude that A is the sister of D's father. Therefore, A is D's aunt.
In the following question, an assertion is followed by two reasons R1 and R2. Read the assertion and the reasons and find which of the reasons is possible.
Assertion : The 10th class result is very poor this year.
R1 : Number of students in 10th class have increased considerably
R2 : The students of 10th class belong to different sections of society.
Solution
None of the reasons is explaining why the 10th class result is very poor. So option C is the answer.
Suraj walked 6 m facing towards the west, then he took a left turn and walked a distance of 8 m. He then took a right turn and walked a distance of 6 m. He then walked for 10 m in the north-east direction. Approximately, how far is he from the starting point?
Solution
Plotting the course taken by Suraj, we get the below figure.
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Hence, the answer is option C.
In a certain code language, ‘^’ means ‘is less than’, ‘#’ means ‘is greater than’ and ‘*’ means ‘is equal to’ and given that a^b, c*d, and c#b, then which of the following is true?
Solution
a^b means a is less than b.
c*d means c is equal to d.
c#b means c is greater than b.
So from the above statements, we can conclude that c=d > b > a.
A,B,C,D,E and F are six members of a family. A is mother of B, who is the husband of D. F is the brother of one of the parents of C. D is the daughter in law of E and has no siblings. C is son of D. How is C related to A?
Solution
A is the mother of B and B is the husband of D so A is the mother-in-law of D.
D is the daughter-in-law of E which means that E is the husband of A and father of B.
C is the son of D, therefore C is the grandson of A and E.
Choose the option which is opposite in meaning to the following word: Intrepid
Solution
intrepid - fearless
Cowardly means lack of courage. Therefore, option D is most appropriate one.
Please fill the blanks with the help of correct word from pairs given below and complete the sentence:
(elicit / illicit; council / counsel; hoard / horde; dependents / defendants)
(a) He was charged with _______ sale of narcotics.
(b) The Chief Minister was given a ________ to keep off the epidemic.
(c) A _________ of terrorists have attacked the army base.
(d) The _________ of the university employees are granted full free-fellowship.
Solution
a. "elicit" means "to evoke a reaction" while "illicit" means "illegal/forbidden by law". For the given sentence, "illicit" is the right choice.
b. "council" means "a group of people selected for a certain administrative job", whereas a "counsel" means "to give advice". Concerning the given sentence, "counsel" is the correct choice.
c. "hoard" means "to store", and "horde" means "a large group of people". Thus, "A horde of terrorists" will be the correct phrasing.
d. "The dependents of the university employees" is the right choice for the given sentence.
Hence, the answer is option D.
Pick the appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom in the following sentence:
“The lease of our premises has run out.”
Solution
A. "Enfeebled" means to become weak.
B. "Expired" means to end.
C. "Increased" means to become greater in size/value.
D. "Prolonged" means to be increased.
In the given sentence, the phrase "run out" means to come to an end. Out of the options, B is the correct answer.
The word “veteran” means:
Solution
veteran - a person who has lot of experience in a particular activity or job.
Therefore, answer is option C.
Pick the appropriate meaning of the underlined phrase in the following sentence:
“In market economy capital gets lion’s share in production.”
Solution
The phrase "the lion's share" means "a bigger portion". Out of the options, C gives the correct answer.
Pick the correct sentence:
Solution
The grammatically correct sentence among the options is B: " Certainly he made a fool of himself.
"Certainly" is used to emphasize something.
Pick the correct option:
(I) It is nothing else than pride.
(II) It is nothing else but pride.
Solution
The phrase "nothing else but" is the standard and widely accepted construction in modern English. It means "only" or "merely" pride, with no other factors involved.
Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.
Pick the synonym of “confess”:
Solution
confess - admit, acknowledge
Answer is option B.
Pick the appropriate meaning of the underlined phrase in the following sentence: “You can be happy only when following the golden mean.”
Solution
The phrase "to follow the golden mean" means to do things in moderation and avoid the extremes. In other words, it means to follow a middle path. Hence, the answer is option B.
Read the following passage and answer the question that follow:
Urbanization - the demographic shift from country to city - began with industrialization, and it has not let up. In 1900, fewer than 15 percent of the world’s population lived in cities. Fifty years later, that number had doubled to 30 percent of the world’s population of 750 million. By 2000, 2.9 billion people, or 47 percent of the world’s population, were living in urban areas, with the greatest growth occurring in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In 2007, for the first time in history, the urban population exceeded 50 percent, and by 2050, according to World Health Organization (WHO), seven out of ten people will call urban areas home….
Contrary to common belief, fewer than 10 percent of urban dwellers are residents of megacities with populations of over ten million. A megacity consists of the city proper and its adjoining suburban centers. An example is the New York-Newark aggregation, which in 1950 was the world’s only megacity; by 2011, it was the sixth largest of 21 megacities. The population of Greater Tokyo, the world’s largest urban area and home to 36.7 million residents, is forecast to exceed 37 million by 2020.Megaciites Mumbai, Delhi, Dhaka, and Lagos, which do not yet appear on the Top Ten list, are steadily moving up the ladder. About half of the world’s urban dwellers live in cities of under half a million people, and these cities continue to outpace megacities in growth.
While the benefits of developed infrastructure, public transportation system, employment opportunities, better health care, and education, plus a wide range of services, make cities the place to live, work, and enjoy, they are plagued with enormous problems. As engines of growth, cities have also become engines of pollution, traffic congestion, waste production, and environmental destruction….
In the 1960s, the concept of urban ecology emerged from the growing awareness of cities’ impact on the environment. In 1975, the nonprofit organization Urban Ecology was founded in Berkeley, California, with the purpose of rebuilding cities in balance with nature. The 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro established Agenda 21, a plan for the sustainable development of cities, and in 2002, 1,200 representatives (including 200 slum dwellers) from 80 countries participated in the first World Urban Forum, making urban ecology and sustainable eco-cities based on environment, economy, education, equity more than just a nice idea.
Match each of the following meanings with the corresponding underlined words/phrases in the numbered items below:
(i) Reaching a higher position
(ii) Seriously suffering from
(iii) The absolute best
(iv) Something not very practical
A. “Megacities Mumbai, Delhi, Dhaka, and Lagos, which do not yet appear on the Top Ten list, are steadily moving up the ladder.”
B. “... the benefits of developed infrastructure, public transportation system, employment opportunities, better health care, and education, plus a wide range of services, make cities the place to live, work, and enjoy....”
C. “... they are plagued with enormous problems.”
D. “... making urban ecology and sustainable ecocities based on environment, economy, education, equity more than just a nice idea.”
Solution
(i) Reaching a higher position: this means to get ahead or move up in standing. Thus, it corresponds to "moving up the ladder" in A.
(ii) Seriously suffering from: This is the definition of the word 'plagued' mentioned in C.
(iv) Something not very practical: "just a nice idea" mentioned in D refers to something that is good but not practical.
Hence, the answer is option C.
Megacities are classified according to __________.
Solution
In the second paragraph, the author mentions, "Contrary to common belief, fewer than 10 percent of urban dwellers are residents of megacities with populations of over ten million." After this, he/she goes on to list some of the megacities and their populations.
Hence, we can infer that megacities are classified on the basis of their population.
Indicate which of the two statements in the following pairs contains a main idea (M) and which contains a supporting details (SD)?
(I) Tokyo is the world’s largest megacity.
(II) Megacities are growing, but not as rapidly as smaller cities.
Solution
In the passage, the author talks about megacities, growth in smaller cities, pollution and urban ecology. He does not focus on any one city and hence, statement (2) will be the main idea of the passage.
Statement (1) just talks about Tokyo, which is just one of the examples mentioned by the author. Thus, it will be part of the side details.
Hence, option B is the answer.
What does the phrasal verb “let up” means in the first sentence:
Solution
"Urbanization - the demographic shift from country to city - began with industrialization, and it has not let up."
The above line means that the urbanization process began with industrialization and hasn't lost its intensity yet. Thus, the phrase "let up" means to lose intensity or "become less strong".
Hence, option D is the answer.
For the following questions answer them individually
Select the pair which has the same relationship as the pair below:
Whale: Pod
Solution
A group of whales is known as a pod. Hence, the second term of the relationship gives the name of the group of the first term.
Wolf: Pack → A pack is a group of wolves. This matches the given relationship.
Plant: Sprout → A sprout is a stage of a plant’s growth, not a group.
Hand: Fingers → A hand consists of fingers, but this is a part-whole relationship, not a group.
Car: Garage → A garage stores a car, but it is not a group-member relationship.
Hence, the answer is option A.
Identify the correct direct speech form of the following sentence:
My teacher told me that I am not working hard.
Solution
Option A is incorrect as it cannot be told to me. It should be either told me to said to me.
Options B and C doesn't give the same meaning as the given sentence. In option B, it doesn't refer you to anyone in particular. Therefore, the meaning doesn't remain the same. And in option C, the teacher is not telling to the narrator, and hence would not be correct.
Option D is the correct direct speech form.
Answer is option D.
Choose the correct alternative to replace the italicized phrase in the following sentence. In case no improvement is needed, option '4' is the answer.
I cannot force her to marrying.
Solution
In the given sentence, the object is of the form "to + infinitive". The infinitive is always the first form of a verb. Hence, correct alternative is "to marry".
Find the correctly spelt word.
Solution
The correct word is "Kleptomania" which means "a recurrent urge to steal". Hence, the answer is option D.
Choose the correct verb form to fill in the blanks:
That there would be thunderstorm today was ______by the weather experts.
Solution
By reading the sentence, we can observe that it is in the past tense. The past form of "foretell" is "foretold".
Hence, the answer is option A.
Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentence:
Roopam hasn’t seen her father_______________ last September.
Solution
A. "on" is used when a specific date or day is mentioned. For example, "on Saturday".
B. "in" is used with a specific period of time. For example, in a year, in a week, etc.
C. "for" is used when a specific time period is mentioned. For example, "for a year"
D. "since" is the correct answer as it is used with the starting of a particular period. For example, since last summer, since yesterday.
Choose the correct order of the sentence to create a meaning out of PQRS set:
This work
P: there emerges a picture spread over three generations
Q: which depicts the rapidity of change
R: devotes a considerable amount of attention to local detail,
S: and from such a realistic perspective
Codes:
Solution
P and Q form a pair in which Q describes the "picture spread" mentioned in P.
R and S also form a pair such that the "realistic perspective" mentioned in S refers to the "local detail" mentioned in R.
RS precedes PQ since the details mentioned in PQ about the picture spread are elaborating the realistic perspective and attention to detail mentioned in RS.
Hence, the correct order of sentences is RSPQ.
The term butterfly is associated with
Solution
The term “butterfly” is associated with swimming, where it refers to one of the four major competitive strokes. The butterfly stroke is characterised by a simultaneous overhead arm movement and a dolphin-like leg kick, requiring strong upper body strength and rhythmic breathing. It is one of the fastest but also technically demanding styles in competitive swimming events.
Change in Seasons occur due to
(A) Earth’s rotation
(B) Earth’s Revolution
(C) Inclination of Earth axis
Choose the correct options from the options given below:
Solution
Change in Seasons occurs due to (B) Earth’s Revolution and (C) the Inclination of Earth's axis
Seasons change because the Earth revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit and because its axis is tilted at approximately 23.5°. Revolution causes different regions of Earth to face the Sun at different times of year. Axial tilt ensures unequal distribution of sunlight, creating summer, winter, spring, and autumn. Rotation affects day and night, not seasonal changes.
Hence, only (B) and (C) are responsible for seasonal variation.
Which of the following is true regarding Vehicle Scrapping Policy recently announced by the Centre?
Solution
The Government of India’s Vehicle Scrapping Policy encourages phasing out old and polluting vehicles. States have been advised to offer up to 25% road tax rebate on new personal vehicles purchased against a scrapping certificate. Vehicle manufacturers are to provide 5% discount on the ex-showroom price. The policy aims to reduce air pollution, promote fuel-efficient vehicles, and boost automobile industry demand.
Thus, the statement in option A is correct.
Article 356 of the Constitution of India provides for
Solution
Article 356 empowers the President to impose President’s Rule in a state if the constitutional machinery fails. It is invoked based on the Governor’s report or otherwise. During President’s Rule, the state government is dismissed, and administration comes under the Centre. It does not relate to reservations, religious monuments, or education.
Prof. Amartya Sen was honoured with
(A) UNESCO PEACE Prize
(B) BHARAT RATNA
(C) NOBEL PRIZE
Choose the correct options from the options given below:
Solution
Amartya Sen, an Indian economist and philosopher:
- Received the Bharat Ratna in 1999 for his contribution to welfare economics.
- He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998 for his work on social choice theory and poverty.
- He was not awarded the UNESCO Peace Prize.
Thus, only B and C are correct.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I : Indian Constitution uses the word ‘minority’ to mean ‘any sections of citizens’ having a distinct language, script or culture.
Statement II : This may be a whole community living within a majority community.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
Solution
Statement I: The Constitution uses ‘minority’ to refer to sections of citizens with distinct language, script, or culture — True.
Articles 29 & 30 protect linguistic and cultural minorities.
Statement II: Minority may be a whole community living among a majority - True.
A minority may be cultural, linguistic, or religious and may constitute a distinct community (e.g., Parsis, Jains).
Minorities are defined contextually, not strictly numerically.
Thus, both statements are true.
Who among the following was a French journalist and novelist known for his series of 20 novels collectively known as Les Rougon-Macquart?
Solution
Émile Zola was a prominent French novelist, journalist, and a leading figure of the literary movement of Naturalism. He is best known for his monumental 20-novel series "Les Rougon-Macquart", which portrays the lives, politics, and social conditions of the Second French Empire through the fictional Rougon and Macquart families. Zola’s works reflected realism, social critique, and scientific observation of society. Beyond literature, he was also influential in public affairs, most notably through his role in the Dreyfus Affair, where he wrote the open letter “J’accuse…!”, which defended justice and human rights.
The total number of Judges of International Court of Justice is
Solution
The International Court of Justice (ICJ), headquartered in The Hague, consists of 15 judges, who the UN General Assembly and Security Council elect. The judges represent major legal systems worldwide and serve nine-year terms, with elections held every three years to replace one-third of the bench. This structure ensures continuity, global representation, and neutrality in international legal disputes and advisory opinions.
Match List I with List II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which form of Indian dance shows influence of Persian culture?
Solution
Kathak originated in North India and evolved significantly under Mughal patronage. Persian influence is evident in:
- its costumes (angarkha, churidar),
- Urdu-Persian terminology,
- refined abhinaya & gestures,
- and courtly performance style.
Thus, unlike Bhangra or Chhau, which are folk, Kathak reflects strong Indo-Persian syncretism and Mughal court culture, making it the correct answer.
Choose the correct chronological sequence of the following:-
(A) Gandhi-Irwin Pact
(B) Nehru Report
(C) Non-Cooperation Movement
(D) Quit India Movement
Solution
Non-Cooperation Movement (C) - 1920
Nehru Report (B) - 1928
Gandhi-Irwin Pact (A) - 1931
Quit India Movement (D) - 1942
This sequence aligns with major phases of the freedom struggle, starting with mass non-cooperation, constitutional proposals, negotiations with the British, and finally an open call for British withdrawal.
In banking sector GNPA refers to?
Solution
In banking, GNPA refers to the total value of loans and advances for which borrowers have not paid interest or principal for more than 90 days. It is a key indicator of asset quality and the financial health of banks, used by RBI for regulatory monitoring and stress analysis. The higher the GNPA, the weaker the credit performance and profitability.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I : Our lungs have two parts - the left and right lungs.
Statement II : structurally two parts of the lungs are different from each other.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
Solution
Statement I is correct because the human lungs consist of two major parts - the left and right lungs—located in the thoracic cavity.
Statement II is also correct because they are structurally different - the right lung has three lobes, while the left lung has two lobes, accommodating the cardiac notch for the heart.
Thus, the lungs are paired organs yet asymmetrical in structure.
The first country to be labelled as ‘banana Republic’ was
Solution
Honduras was the first country described as a “banana republic,” a term coined by American writer O. Henry. It referred to politically unstable Central American nations whose economies were dominated by foreign fruit companies, especially the United Fruit Company. Honduras became the classic example due to its dependence on banana exports and heavy U.S. corporate influence in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Match List I with List II
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Solution
P. V. Sindhu is India’s Olympic medal-winning badminton player.
Lovlina Borgohain won a bronze in boxing at Tokyo 2020.
Ravi Kumar Dahiya is an Olympic silver-winning wrestler.
Gagan Narang is an ace shooter who earned a bronze at the 2012 London Olympics.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I : Food is cooked in pressure cooker quickly because it retains heat for a longer period.
Statement II : Food is cooked in pressure cooker quickly because boiling point of water increases.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
On what does the dollar-rupee exchange rate in India depend ?
Solution
Exchange rates in India operate largely under a market-driven system, in which the value of the rupee against the dollar is determined by foreign exchange demand and supply. Higher demand for dollars weakens the rupee, and vice versa. While RBI may intervene occasionally, the fundamental determinant remains the demand-supply equilibrium in the forex market rather than strict government control or stock market trends.
Match List I with List II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Solution
The Siachen Glacier region in Ladakh marks India’s northern extreme.
Indira Point, in the Nicobar Islands, is the southernmost point.
Kibithu in Arunachal Pradesh lies near the eastern boundary.
Sir Creek in Gujarat marks the western extremity.
Who among the following rulers belongs to Slave Dynasty?
Solution
Shams-ud-din Iltutmish was the most prominent ruler of the Mamluk, or Slave, Dynasty, which governed the Delhi Sultanate following Qutb-ud-din Aibak. He strengthened administration, introduced the silver tanka and copper jital, and consolidated the sultanate. The other rulers listed belong to different periods: Sher Shah Suri established the Sur Empire, Ghori laid the foundations of the early Delhi Sultanate, and Humayun ruled during the Mughal era.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I : Bodo is one of the scheduled languages of India.
Statement II : Nepali is one of the scheduled languages of India.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
'Shishu', 'Kishore' and 'Tarun' are the three products created by __________ to signify the stage of growth/development and funding needs of the beneficiary micro unit/entrepreneur and also provide a reference point for the next phase of graduation/growth.
Match List I with List II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Please select the most appropriate reason for the government’s increasing role in business globally
Having more than one customer segment:
An entrepreneur can get a lot of quality information about competitors from_________.
Sequoia capital is a/an:
Founders translate company ideas into business model hypotheses, test assumptions about customers’ needs, and then create a ______________to try out their proposed solution on customers.
Match List I with List II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
According to Schumpeter, which of the following is the primary function of a new age entrepreneur
Shruti wants to start a small floral shop. As a part of her business plan, he prepared an "entertaining MS PowerPoint Presentation" to garner interest among potential investors and trigger discussion. This format of business plan is known as
ATAL Innovation Mission aims to create and promote culture of:
Which one of the following factors is not relevant for judging the adequacy of market?
Document that projects the income, expenses, and profits of a business over a multi-year period
Match List I with List II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Please provide the full form for CGTMSE, a scheme meant for Micro and Small Enterprises
Given below are two statements:
Statement I : ‘Diversification’ means adding new lines of business.
Statement II : Differentiation means creating specialized products that gain competitive advantage with a particular segment of the market.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
Which of the following terms appropriately refers to the attractive idea that an entrepreneur invests in?
A professional or manager who takes a new initiative for his/her organisation and establish a new distinct business unit for the same organisation can appropriately be referred as:
The five phases of the entrepreneurial process are:
Given below are two statements:
Statement I : Ideas should not be examined for their reallife use and application.
Statement II : Business opportunity can be described as an economic idea that can be implemented to create business enterprises and earn profits.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
