AP ICET 2014

Let the total number of books be T. 
we can see that 12% of the books are in Telegu language. 
Hence, 0.12T = 1440 which gives us T = 144000/12 = 12000
Now, number of arts books = 0.23T = 120*23 = 2760

Let the original cost price be CP
When the pen is originally sold for a loss of 10%, then original SP = 0.9CP

Now, it is said that if the pen was purchased for 20% less i.e. if cost price had been 0.8CP and the pen was sold for Rs. 44 more than original selling price i.e. if the pen had been sold for (0.9CP + 44) rupees, the profit % would have been 40% i.e. 

(0.9CP + 44) = 1.4*(0.8CP) which gives us 0.22CP = 44 
Hence, CP = 200.

Selling Price when 15% profit is to be made on cost price = SP1 = 1.15CP
Selling Price when 9% profit is to be made on cost price = SP2 = 1.09CP

It is given that SP1 - SP2 = 60 i.e. 1.15CP - 1.09CP = 60
Hence, 0.06CP = 60 which makes CP = 1000

Profits are always shared in the ratio of (capital*time) ratio. 
Here, A makes an investment of Rs. 120 lakh-months, B makes an investment of 180 lakh-months and C makes an investment of 120 lakh-months. 
The ratio of investments of A, B, C thus are: 120:180:120 = 2:3:2

Hence, the ratio of A in the year end profits would be (2/7)*(5.6 lakhs) = 1.6 lakhs

Let the tank capacity be 80 liters. 
Hence, the first pipe can fill the tank at 10 liters per hour and the draining pipe drains the tank at 8 liters per hour.

Both are opened together, so the net effect would be 10-8 = 2 liters of volume of liquid added per hour. 
Hence, amount of time required to fill tnk completely = 80/2 = 40 hours

Let the total capacity of the tank be 30 liters

Hence, the capacity of the first pipe is 3 liters/hour and the capacity of the second pipe is 2 liters per hour.
Now, both the pipes are opened alternately for an hour each. Thus, in one round (or cycle) of 2 hours, net volume of tank filled = 3+2 = 5 liters
Hence, the tank will be completely filled in 30/5 = 6 rounds i.e. 12 hours

Let the distance between A and B be d km and the ideal time needed to reach the destination be t hours

Now, in the first case, we can say that $$\frac{d}{5}=t+\frac{7}{60}$$ 
That is $$t=\frac{d}{5}-\frac{7}{60}$$

Now, in second case, we can say that $$\frac{d}{6}=t-\frac{5}{60}$$
That is $$t=\frac{d}{6}+\frac{5}{60}$$

Equating both the sides for t, we get d = 6 km

The total distance travelled by the train in 33 seconds = 270 + 390 meters = 660 meters

Speed of train (in m/s) = 660/33 = 20 m/s
Hence, speed in kmph = 20*(18/5) = 72 kmph

Let the total amount of work be 24 units. 
Hence, by given data, we can say that A alone completes 1 unit per day and A,B,C all together do 3 units of work per day.
Hence, we can say that B and C together do 2 units of work per day.

Thus, the amount of time required by only B and C together to do entire work = 24/2 = 12 days