UPSC CSAT 28th May 2023 SET A

Scientists studied the vernal window transition period from winter to the growing season. They found that warmer winters with less snow resulted in a longer lag time between spring events and a more protracted vernal window. This change in the spring timetable has ecological, social and economic consequences - for agriculture, fisheries and tourism. As the ice melts earlier, the birds don't return, causing a delay, or lengthening in springtime ecological events.

With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made
1. Global warming is causing spring to come early and for longer durations.
2. Early spring and longer period of spring is not good for bird populations.
Which of the above assumptions is/are correct?

A global analysis of nitrogen use efficiency - a measure of the amount of nitrogen a plant takes in to grow versus what is left behind as pollution - says that using too much fertilizers will lead to increased pollution of waterways and the air. Currently, the global average for nitrogen use efficiency is approximately 0.4, meaning 40 percent of the total nitrogen added to cropland goes into the harvested crop while 60 percent is lost to the environment says a study. More than half of the world's population is nourished by food grown with fertilizers containing synthetic nitrogen, which is needed to produce high crop yields. Plants take the nitrogen they need to grow, and the excess is left in the ground, water and air. This results in significant emissions of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse and ozone depleting gas, and other forms of nitrogen pollution, including eutrophication of lakes and rivers and contamination of river water.

Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and crucial message implied by the passage?

Along with sustainable lifestyles, climate justice is regarded as a significant principle in environmental parlance. Both principle in bearings on political and economic choices of the nation. So far, in our climate change summits or compacts, both the principles have eluded consensus among nations. Justice, in the judicial sense, is well defined. However, in the context of climate change, it has scientific as well as socio-political connotations. The crucial question in the next few years will be how resources, technologies and regulations are used to support the victims of climate change. Justice in climate, is not confined to action relating to mitigation, but includes the wider notion of support for adaption to climate change and compensation for loss and damage.

Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational all on and crucial message conveyed by the passage ?

A principal P becomes Q in 1 year when compounded half-yearly with R% annual rate of interest. If the same principal P becomes Q in 1 year when compounded annually with S% annual rate of interest, then which one of the following is correct?

How many natural numbers are there which give a remainder of 31 when 1186 is divided by these natural numbers ?

Let pp, qq and rr be 2-digit numbers where P < q < r. If pp + qq + rr = ttO, where ttO is a 3-digit number ending with zero, consider the following statements
1. The number of possible values of p is 5.
2. The number of possible values of q is 6
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

What is the sum of all 4-digit numbers less than 2000 formed by the digits 1, 2, 3 and 4, where none of the digits is repeated ?

What is the number of selections of 10 consecutive things out of 12 things in a circle taken in the clockwise direction?

If today is Sunday, then which day is it exactly on $$10^{10}$$th day?

There are three traffic signals. Each signal changes colour from green to red and then from red to green. The first signal takes 25 seconds, the second signal takes 39 seconds and the third signal takes 60 seconds to change the colour from green to red. The durations for green and red colours are same. At 2:00 p.m, they together turn green. At what time will they change to green next, simultaneously ?