Reaction Types & Mechanisms

Substitution: An atom/group is replaced by another (e.g., $$S_N 1, S_N 2, S_E\text{Ar}$$ ).

Addition: Unsaturated double/triple bonds accept attacking groups (e.g.,$$A_E, A_N$$).

Elimination: Loss of two atoms/groups from adjacent carbons to form multiple bonds (e.g., $$E1, E2, E1\text{cB}$$).

Rearrangement: Migration of a functional group or atom within a molecule to form an isomer.