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In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the one which best expresses the meaning of the given word.
Verbatim
Temerity
Ruck
In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the one which is opposite in meaning of the given word.
Rueful
Penury
Overweening
In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the Idiom/Phrase.
Play one’s ace
Aid and abet
All over hell's half acre
An arrow in the quiver
Like a shag on a rock
Asleep at the wheel
The ayes have it
Dust and ashes
Be full of beans
To get more kicks than half pence
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which is the best substitute of the phrase.
Fear of riding in a car
Loss of speech due to medical problem
Place where cows are sheltered
Palm reading
To atone for one's sins
A low level tract of uncultivated grassland
Egg-laying mammal
Food for farm animals
Existing only in name
A stand having three legs
One extremely fond of one's wife
Evening prayer in a church
In the following question, four words have been given out of which one word is incorrectly spelt. Select the incorrectly spelt word.
In the following question, the sentence given with blank to be filled in with an appropriate word. Select the correct alternative out of the four and indicate it
by selecting the appropriate option.
We must insist that free oratory is only the beginning of free speech, it is not the end, but a ______ to an end.
India is rushing headlong towards economic success and modernisation, counting on hightech industries such as information technology and biotechnology to
______ the nation to prosperity.
It is true that transgenic plants can offer a range of benefits which are above and beyond those who ______ from more traditional innovations in cultivation.
There is absolutely no point in complaining that over the years, there has been ______ for increased productivity and higher earnings for workers in industry.
Pidgins are languages that are not acquired as mother tongue and that are used for a ______ set of communicative functions.
In the following question, some part of the sentence may have errors. Find out which part of the sentence has an error and select the appropriate option. If a sentence is free from error, select 'No Error'.
Terminals are locations where passengers (1)/ and freight can be transferred (2)/ from one vehicle or mode to others. (3)/ No Error (4)
Public attention in the developed world has (1)/ recently focused on asthma because of its (2)/ rapidly increasing prevalence, effecting up to one in four urban
children. (3)/ No Error (4)
In Spiritualism, it is a part of services (1)/ to communicate with life (2)/ personalities in the spirit world. (3)/ No Error (4)
In Marxist philosophy, the bourgeoisie (1)/ are the social class that came to own (2)/ the means of production during industrialization. (3)/ No Error (4)
An atom is a smallest constituent unit (1)/ of ordinary matter that has the (2)/ properties of a chemical element. (3)/ No Error (4)
Unlike a liquid, a solid object (1)/ do not flow to take on (2)/ the shape of its container. (3)/ No Error (4)
Sulphur, while usually polycrystalline, (1)/ may also occur of other ( 2)/ allotropic forms with completely different properties. (3)/ No Error (4)
Metals can be hammered or press permanently (1)/ out of shape (2)/ without breaking or cracking. (3)/ No Error (4)
In nineteenth century, astronomical research (1)/ was focused on the routine work of compute (2)/ the motions of astronomical objects. (3)/ No Error (4)
Clean air scatters blue light much than red wavelength, (1)/ and so the midday (2)/ sky appears blue. (3)/ No Error (4)
Most optical phenomena (1)/ can be accounting for using (2)/ the classical electromagnetic description of light. (3)/ No Error (4)
A telescope's light gathering power and ability (1)/ to resolve small detail (2)/ is directly related to the diameter of their objective. (3)/ No Error (4)
Aeronautical charts are for visual meteorological conditions (1)/ depicts terrain, geographic features, (2)/ navigational aids and other aids to navigation. (3)/ No Error
(4)
The imperial period of Rome (1)/ lasted approximately 1,500 year compared (2)/ to the 500 years of the Republican era. (3)/ No Error (4)
Horror movies tends to be a vessel (1)/ for showing eras of issues across the globe (2)/ visually and in the most effective manner. (3)/ No Error (4)
It was during the reign of Elizabeth I (1)/ that "Britannia" came to be view (2)/ as a personification of Britain. (3)/ No Error (4)
Hoplite soldiers utilised the phalanx formation (1)/ of order to be effective in war (2)/ with fewer soldiers. (3)/ No Error (4)
Evidence from 30,000 years ago in Europe (1)/ reveal starch residue on rocks (2)/ used for pounding plants. (3)/ No Error (4)
Gluten gives elasticity to dough, (1)/ keeps its shape and often give (2)/ the final product a chewy texture. (3)/ No Error (4)
Regional anaesthesia blocks transmission of nerve impulses (1)/ among a targeted part of the body (2)/ and the central nervous system. (3)/ No Error (4)
In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
The need of the hour is to ______ value based education. The stress should be on the values such as patience, honesty, tolerance, sympathy, and love for fellow brethren and sisters.The students must be indoctrinated to keep values as ______ priority. The youngsters need not only to be taught how to develop their skills,talents, and abilities, they must also be taught how to use these skills, talents and abilities for the ______ and betterment of all. Once values become everyone's priority in life, all the negative aspects of life will automatically ______. The world ______needs people with high values to make it a better place to live in.
The need of the hour is to ______ value based education.
The students must be indoctrinated to keep values as ______ priority.
They must also be taught how to use these skills, talents and abilities for the ______ and betterment of all.
All the negative aspects of life will automatically ______.
The world ______needs people with high values
In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
Education is the most important and ______ tool for women empowerment. It makes women aware of their rights and responsibilities. Educational achievements of a woman can have ______ effects for the family and across generations. Most of the girls drop out of schools due to the unavailability of separate toilets for them. The recently launched ‘Swachh Bharat Mission’ focusing on ______ sanitation facilities in schools and every rural household by 2019, can prove to be very ______ in bringing down the ______ of girls dropping out of school.
Education is the most important and ______ tool for
achievements of a woman can have ______ effects for the
focusing on ______ sanitation facilities in schools
can prove to be very ______ in
bringing down the ______ of girls dropping out of school.
In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
When it comes to thinking about how to be happier, many of us ______ about taking more vacations or finding ways to avoid ______ tasks. We may dream about ______ housework and instead doing something fun and ______. However, tasks which don’t make us happy can, over the time, add up to a meaningful life. Even routine activities like talking on the phone, cooking, cleaning, housework, meditating, emailing, praying, waiting for others, and balancing finances appear to bring more ______ to people’s lives, but not happiness in the moment.
many of us ______ about taking more vacations
taking more vacations or finding ways to avoid ______ tasks.
We may dream about ______ housework
housework and instead doing something fun and ______.
balancing finances appear to bring more ______ to people’s lives
The question below consists of a set of labelled sentences. These sentences, when properly sequenced form a coherent paragraph. Select the most logical order of sentences from among the options.
P: The triumph came against formidable hurdles and in the absence of any expectations.
Q: Indian women were never the favourites, going into the tournament ranked 12th in the world and fourth in Asia — behind World No. 8 China, Korea, and Japan.
R: India may have won the final of the women’s Asia Cup hockey tournament against China in a penalty shootout, but it was a fully deserving victory.
S: Throughout their campaign in Japan, team members played out of their skin to register the win, which has secured them a spot in next year’s Wor ld Cup
emphatically on merit, not as wild-card entrants.
P: Chennai and its sprawl extending to two neighbouring districts should return to the traditional wisdom of creating tanks and lakes for water storage, and
rejuvenating old silted ones, in order to harvest the floods and replenish depleted groundwater.
Q: The finding from one study in 2013 shows that 27 tanks have totally disappeared and anothe r
R: This underscores the need to revive such natural sponges.
S: Inviting the community to monitor the health of the tanks a nd lakes can keep out encroachers, who are often protected by patron-politicians.
P: However, Indian girls have not matched this rate of access to education.
Q: Still the Indian girl child who has been deprived of this gift, as largely girl s are not considered worthy of literacy.
R: The power of education in transforming communities is a gift that has changed India in the last few decades.
S: India has seen a substantial increase in primary school enrolment due to the Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009.
P: All Indian water bodies within and near population centres are now grossly polluted with organic and hazardous pollutants.
Q: India is now facing a water situation that is significantly worse than any that previous generations have had to face.
R: That's why Interstate disputes over river waters are becoming increasingly intense and widespread.
S: Not a single Indian city can provide clean water that can be consumed from the tap on a $$24\times7$$ basis .
P: There is a glimmer of hope with India registering a slight drop in the number of new tuberculosis cases and TB deaths in 2016 compared with 2015.
Q: Incidence estimates for India were considered interim, pending a national TB prevalence survey scheduled for 2017-2018.
R: In terms of mortality, the drop was from 0.51 million in 2015 to 0.43 million in 2016.
S: From an estimated 2.84 million new cases in 2015, the number dropped marginally t o 2.79 million in 2016, according to the World Health Organisation’s Global
tuberculosis report, 2017.
P: People today are so driven towards their personal goals that civic sense as an ethic has become a low priority, almost nuisance.
Q: This attitude cuts across all ranks and sections.
R: We don’t think it deserves much importance.
S: Civic sense or rather the lack of it has been w idely discussed and somehow it is an undisputed fact that we Indians don’t seem to care much for it.
P: First impressions count, and the first impression that a potential employer will have of you is going to depend on how you present your resume.
Q: The statistics are that the average employer only spends a few seconds looking at it, so it is imperative that it makes an impression.
R: Nobody can ever underestimate how important it is to have a good resume.
S: This is going to be your one and only chance to capture a potential employe r’s attention, or for your resume to be tossed into the file of those they don’t want to
pursue.
P: The growing popularity of computer, video games and television makes the children very inactive in their lifestyles.
Q: The time spent in these things may be spent in some physical activities.
R: Parents should be a role model for their children.
S: If the parents are looking very active, the children are more likely to be more active and will stay active for the rest of their life.
P: However, a person’s specific daily calorie intake can vary depending on their age, gender, and physical activity level.
Q: The average person needs to eat about 2,000 calories every day to maintain their weight.
R: Your body uses calories from food for walking, thinking, breathing, and other important fu nctions.
S: The number of calories in food is a measurement of the amount of energy stored in that food.
P: How do you find a mate when you are just two centimetres in size and there aren’t many who match your profile?
Q: Now, scientists have discovered that the loudspeakers they make are almost maximally optimised for the purpos e at hand: transform any given leaf into the best
‘amplifier’ it could be.
R: But the tiny tree cri ckets have taken this a step further: they amplify their mating calls using loudspeakers that they themselves build using leaves.
S: An old trick is to draw attention to oneself by creating a lot of noise.
P: The list also includes antibiotics and disinfectants, the use of which can stave off killers like sepsis and meningitis.
Q: The 10 critical products that hospitals must stock to save newborns include a piece of cloth to keep a baby warm a nd close to the mother to encourage
breastfeeding.
R: The biggest cause of death is premature birth, while the second is complications like asphyxia during delivery.
S: But other solutions will need greater investment.
P: First, with the discovery of the planet Kepler 90i, orbiting the star Kepler 90, we now know of another star besides the Sun that has eight planets orbiting it.
Q: But this announcement of the discovery of two new exoplanets, Kepler-90i and Kepler-80g by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
R: Second, Christopher Shallue, a software engineer at Google, and Andrew Vanderburg, of the University of Texas, Austin, have discovered it using a deep learning
neural network — an artificial intelligence tool that mimics the workings of a human brain.
S: Exoplanets, or planets outside our solar system, are routinely being discovered, with the number of those that have already been found now standing at 3,567.
P: The funds are intended to offset the loss of wages due to TB and to help with travel and nutrition.
Q: The Central TB Division has said the government would hand over a sum of 500 rupees a month t o each of India’s 35 lakh diagnosed TB patients in order to strengthen the fight against the disease.
R: An early study from a prisoner-of-war c amp in Germany in the 1940s showed that Soviet inmates, who didn’t receive extra rations from the Red Cross as their British counterparts did, were around 16 times more likely to develop the disease.
S: Yet, much more needs to be done to protect TB patients from the effects of ma lnutrition, which has a complicated relationship with TB.
P: This time the court will have to do more than pronounce on whether the provision discriminates against men on the basis of gender and gives an unconstitutional
exemption to women.
Q: It has further noted that in a case of adultery, one person is liable for the offence but the other is absolved and that the concept of gender neutrality, on which
criminal law normally proceeds, is absent.
R: By agreeing to have another look at the constitutional validity of Section 497 of the Indian Penal Code, under which men can be prosecuted for adultery, the
Supreme Court has re-opened a question that has been decided thrice in the past.
S: While agreeing to issue the notice to the government, the Bench has observed th at the provision is archaic.
P: One lakh rupees invested in Bitcoin in 2010 would be worth a few hundred crore rupees today.
Q: In fact, all it took for the currency to reach $11,000 after breaching the $10,000 mark was a sin gle day.
R: In 2017 alone, Bitcoin price has increased by over 1000%.
S: That is the kind of extraordinary return the digital currency has given to investors as its price has witnessed a meteoric rise, from just a few cents in 2010 to hit a
lifetime high of over $11,000 last week.
P: Even the periodic directions of the Supreme Court in a public interest case, Dr. S. Rajasekaran v. Union of India, have not produced any dramatic change in the
official attitude.
Q: But as anyon e who uses India’s roads knows only too well, that is not an administrative priority.
R: The most effective measure to keep roads safe is enforcement of rules with zero tolerance to v iolations.
S: Despite the court setting up the Committee on Road Safety and appointing an amicus curiae to help impl ement its recommendations, it is mostly business as
usual for the police in enforcing road rules, for engineers tasked with forming roads and pavements, and transport officials in charge of licensing.
P: But it is the conflict between the massive scope for progress provided by the digital era and the fear of loss of individual autonomy that is foregrounded in any
debate about data protection laws.
Q: It also enhanced the perils of unr egulated and arbitrary use of personal data.
R: Unauthorised leaks, hacking, and other cyber crimes have rendered data base s vulnerable.
S: The dawn of the information age opened up great opportunities for the beneficial use of da ta.
P: A few months ago, the court had sought the Centre’s response to a petition filed in public interest by former Union Law Minister Ashwani Kumar, who complained about the delay in India ratifying the UN Convention, which it had signed in 1997.
Q: The Union government has informed the Supreme Court that it is seriously con sidering the 273rd Report of the Law Commission, which has recommended that India ratify the United Nations Convention against Torture and pass a law to prevent torture and punish its perpetrators.
R: The court disposed off the matter without any direction after being informed that the matter was under serious consideration.
S: The petition had also favoured a standalone legislation to prohibit torture.
P: They are moving ahead with specific instruments for loss and damage they suffer due to destructive climate-linked events.
Q: Early studies also suggest that it is on track to achieve the national pledge under the 2015 Paris Agreement for a 33-35% cu t in emissions intensity per unit of
growth from the same base year by 2030, and thus heed the 2°C warming goal.
R: As the 23rd conference of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Bonn shifts into high gear, developing countries including India are focussing on
the imperatives of ensuring adequate financing for mitigation and adaptation.
S: India’s progress in reducing the intensity of its greenhouse gas emissions p er unit of GDP by 20-25% from 2005 levels by 2020, based on the commitment made in
Copenhagen in 2009 has been positive.
P: Delhi’s air quality deteriorates with unfailing regularity, with large swathes of north India in the grip of suffocating smog, but the State governments that can make it
easier for millions to breathe do not act with any sense of urgency.
Q: The smog that envelops the region is exacerbated by the burning of biomass in Punjab and Haryana, and the winter atmosphere is marked by weak ventilation.
R: It is unconscionable for governments, through indifference and inaction, to subject citizens to such toxic air, and cause extreme suffering especially among peo ple
with respiratory ailments and impaired lung function.
S: It has turned into a public health emergency in the capital, with the air quality index touching extremely hazardous levels in some parts, necessitating the closure of
primary schools, has further lowered its standing.
Improve the bracketed part of the sentence.
The research efforts by the Danish Carlsberg scientists (great accelerated) the increase in knowledge about yeast and brewing.
In Mesopotamia, the brewer's craft was (the only) profession which derived social sanction and divine protection from female deities.
Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some mammals, where (it began) the chemical process of digestion.
The phobia typically results in a rapid onset of fear and is present (for much than) six months.
Systematic desensitization is a process in which the patients seeking help slowly (became accustomed) to their phobia.
Organic farming in general features practices that (strive in) cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity.
Contemporary and historic views regarding diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of medical conditions (have been document) for thousands of years.
In open access publishing, a journal article (were made) available free for all on the web by the publisher.
Some forms of feminism have been criticized (for take into) account only white, middle class, and college-educated perspectives.
Full cultural assimilation occurs when new members of a society become indistinguishable (off) members of the other group.
Human activity since the Industrial Revolution (have increased) the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Nitrous oxide (has significant) medical uses, especially in surgery and dentistry, for its anaesthetic and pain reducing effects.
Unlike a merchant ship, which carries cargo, a warship typically (only carry) weapons, ammunition and supplies for its crew.
The modern torpedo is a self-propelled weapon with an explosive warhead, (launched) above or below the water surface.
Oxygen is an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides (with more) elements as well as with other compounds.
Reports on Indian rhinoplasty performed by a Kumhar vaidya (were published) in the Gentleman's Magazine in 1794.
Eastern North American tribes historically (smoked) tobacco both socially and ceremonially, to seal a peace treaty or trade agreement.
Much of the progress in India, especially in higher education and scientific research, (have been credited) to various public institutions.
In physiology, dehydration is a deficit of total body water (with a accompanying) disruption of metabolic processes.
The greatest legacy one can pass on to one’s children and grand children is not money or other material things (accumulate in) one’s life, but rather a legacy of character and faith.
When a person is angry and he (instant become) silent, the mind then takes a new pace.
Sri Ramakrishna always (stress on) realisation or spiritual awakening where every dispute on God and religion gets entirely silenced.
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four
alternatives.
Passage:
In 1979, there was no liberalisation; there were few multinationals and not many billionaires. ‘Social work’ was done by activists in the field, and affluent men and women in cities ‘gave to charity.’ The norm in the social sector was to look at everything from the lens of ‘but India is a poor country.’ Child labour, for example, was accepted as a necessary evil that helped poor families survive. Concepts like social entrepreneurship, philanthropy and impact investing were unknown. Into that world came Rippan — no connections, no wealth, not even a freedom struggle background, a regular middle-class guy, with a regular middle-class job but with an unshakeable conviction that Indian children were India’s responsibility. He was about to set up an organisation that would seek to engage every citizen in the struggle for justice for children. Here was a group of people who talked of large-scale impact, of funding individuals and groups that would work all over India. CRY not only survived Rippan’s premature death, it grew and changed. In 1989, CRY’s mission and values also struck a chord with top-notch professionals, who
gave up jobs to take home salaries of ₹2,000 to ₹3,500 a month. Today, the development sector in India and abroad is full of peop le who grew up in what I like to call the CRY School of Social Work and Management. People who discovered their calling in CRY and have gone on to do seminal work across the globe with their own initiatives for change. Shantha Sinha, who pioneered work in eradicating child labour in Andhra Pradesh, came to Rippan after every funding door had closed. She got a ‘yes’ and an immediate cheque for the funds she needed to start her work which, today, has been replicated globally. Andal Damodaran of the Indian Council for Child Welfare in Chennai, Gloria D’Souza, who founded Parisar Asha in Mumbai, Zakiya and John Kurrien of The Centre for Learning Resources in Pune, innovators in transforming education for children from adverse backgrounds — all of them were similarly supported. Rippan’s approach was simple: “What I can do, I must do.” His allegiance clear: “CRY is my home, family and life.” His heart belonged to children. Just an hour or so before he died, when one of his oldest and dearest colleagues asked him how he was feeling, he said, “I can see the faces of smiling children outside my window.” I cannot think of a better way to leave the planet.
Which world is being talked about in the first sentence of the second para of the passage?
CRY was formed to help
What is the better way for the author to leave this planet?
What Rippan's conviction intended to?
How Rippan felt about his life at his death?
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four
alternatives.
Passage:
There is exciting news for butterfly enthusiasts. By studying 207 species of butterflies, scientists have created an evolutionary tree painting the detailed picture of
butterfly relationships and evolution over time. An international team of lepidopterists carried out DNA studies and carbon dating analysis to understand the age and characteristics of butterflies. By comparing and merging previous studies on butterflies ,the researchers were able to create the new bigger and better evolutionary tree. “We still have a long way to go, but this is the first comprehensive map of butterfly evolution,” said Akito Y. Kawahara, associate professor at the Florida Museum of Natural History in a release. “Lots of previous studies cover butterfly evolution on smaller scales — by locality or taxon — but surprisingly few have reached across the breadth of butterfly diversity.” Dr. Kawahara is the corresponding author of the paper published in Current Biology. The report also supported previous studies that butterflies originated around 119 million years ago in the late Cretaceous period. After the mass extinction (65 million years ago), most of the butterflies diverged into many different groups. The butterfly species were placed in seven groups — Papilionidae, Hedylidae, Hesperiidae, Pieridae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae and Nymphalidae. “Our analyses support swallowtails (Papilionidae) as sister to all other butterflies, followed by skippers (Hesperiidae) and the nocturnal butterflies (Hedylidae) as sister to the remainder,” says the report. The whites (Pieridae) were supported as sister to brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae), blues and metalmarks (Lycaenidae and Riodinidae). Previously, swallowtails and birdwings were believed to have a common ancestor but the new study showed that they feed on different plants. “That tells us that butterflies
and plants may have evolved together,” Dr.Kawahara added. They also studied the association of butterflies with ants. Some butterfly larvae secrete sugars that serve as a meal for ants and the ant in return protects the larva from other predators. This is a well-studied symbiotic relationship. The scientists report that most of the blue butterflies and hairstreaks and some of the metalmark butterflies exhibit this behaviour. “We [India] have about one fifth of the known moths and butterflies represented in Indian collections (3,800 out of an estimated 20,000 species). The only way they could undertake the study was the fact that they have
access to a good collection. We lack this in India,” explained Smetacek.
Who are referred to as Lepidopterists?
When did the mass extinction of butterflies happen?
Which group of butterflies is known as nocturnal butterflies?
Which group of butterflies along with bird wings feed on different plants which were believed to have common ancestor in past?
Symbiotic relationship is shown most by
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four
alternatives.
Passage:
A plant species that has outlived the dinosaurs, the Cycas circinalis, a ‘living fossil’ found only in the Western Ghats, faces the threat of extinction due to the overharvesting
of its leaves for commercial purposes. While there are nine species of Cycas found across the country, almost all of which are classified as being endangered, the Cycas circinalis, found at altitudes between 1,500 and 1,800 meters, has traditionally been used by tribal communities for a variety of purposes. In the Nilgiris and other parts of the Western Ghats, where the plant is found, the seed is sometimes soaked in water (to remove a strong poison contained within) and ground into flour, after which it is eaten, while the seed is also said to be used in traditional, indigenous medicine. However, over the last few decades, the leaves of the circinalis, which are used for ornamental purposes like for setting up ‘pandals’ have been harvested in bulk from the remaining plants, often leading to them becoming stunted and unable to reproduce and increase in number. With a single leaf costing as much as ₹ 25,
the economic incentive to completely strip the plant of all its leaves in one harvest remains high for most people. Shiny Miriam Rehel, Programme Co-ordinator for the Biodiversity Restoration Programme at Keystone Foundation, speaking to The Hindu, said that circinalis
plants do not grow in large numbers in the wild, and the over exploitation of the leaves from the plant has caused a further decline over the last few decades. The Keystone Foundation has been trying to promote the conservation of the species by encouraging forest-dependent communities to sustainably harvest the leaves from the circinalis. “We collect the seeds from the wild and raise it at our nursery on the Keystone campus. We then encourage farmers and tribal
communities to grow the plants near to their dwellings or land holdings,” said Ms. Rehel, who added that the conservation of the species needs to be assured through working with local communities, creating awareness of sustainably harvesting the leaves and ensuring that the plant itself remains healthy. Speaking of their importance, Ms. Rehel said that not only the conservation of the endangered circinalis important to protect the livelihood of tribal c ommunities, but also for biodiversity. She said that the circinalis is an ideal host plant for ants, cupid butterflies and bats, and added that their protection will be a vital aspect of protecting the ecology of the Western Ghats in the long run.
Why cycas circinalis faces the threat of extinction?
Which word in the passage means 'native'?
How many uses of Cycas circinalis for humans are mentioned in the passage?
What else other than over-harvesting has contributed in decline of Cycas circinalis?
Why the conservation of Cycas circinalis important?
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four
alternatives.
Passage:
It is interesting to note contemporary storytellers such as Vikram Sridhar have stepped out of the traditional boundaries of storytelling to embrace drama. While storytelling might bring to mind grandma’s tales complete with myths and morals, Sridhar believes these stories can be tweaked for a contemporary retelling. Sridhar, who has been a theatre practitioner for 15 years felt stories could be used to draw attention to social issues. “I had to think how I could be different from informal storytellers and mould my stories to interest adults and children. I had a strong theatre background, had worked in a corporate set-up and was deeply interested in heritage and conservation. I decided to bring my interests and strengths together into performance storytelling,” says Sridhar. Based in Bengaluru, Vikram followed his passion for storytelling after doing his engineering and MBA. “I used to travel a lot. In many places in Europe and Singapore, I witnessed ‘Open Night’ where a story, poetry or music was performed at public spaces or coffee shops in 10-minute slots. This made me think that we need larger versions of open night and stories are a strong medium to get a message across.” Sridhar is
having a story session at Tipu’s armoury thanks to Indian National Trust for Arts and Cultural Heritage (INTACH), who had done restoration work at the armoury more than 15 years ago. “The armoury is totally in neglect,” says Meera Iyer, Convenor, INTACH-Bangalore Chapter.
“Storytelling is also a way to bring attention to the monument, and how it can be given a focus and use. A building that is used often, automatically has the greater chance of preservation.”
“I will not be using mike or gadgets,” Sridhar says. “The audience will get stories of the armoury and more. The history of Karnataka’s Mysore pak will be traced as well as the tale of the iron lady, Onake Obavva who fought the forces of Hyder Ali in the 18th century single-handedly with a pestle (Onake) in the kingdom of Chitradurga.”
The transition from stories to drama was due to?
How story telling is helping INTACH?
What stories are mentioned in the passage?
What is the meaning of the word 'Armoury'?
What was Sridhar interested in?
In the following question, a sentence has been given in Direct/Indirect speech. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in Indirect/Direct speech.
The host said to his guests, "Please consider this place as your home."
The vendor said to us, "These mangoes will ripen in three days."
He said to the physician, "I need to get well soon."
My father said to me, "We will be going to Jaipur this summer."
Grandfather says, "Health is wealth."
The candidate said to the panel, "I promise to live up to your expectations."
He said to his partner, "You have to share the responsibilities if you want to share the profits."
I said to my father, "If you won't get angry I would like to confess something."
The manager said, “We have to have the plan ready by tomorrow."
Aunt said to mother, "We need to find some more information about the boy's family."
My brother said, "I can dance better than my friends."
My son said to me, "I will do my best."
Vaibhav said, “I am reading 'Great Expectations' by Charles Dickens."
"I think I have been too lenient with you," father said to me.
"The delivery boy has arrived," said the watchman.
The student said, "I am finding it difficult to memorise."
She said to her friend, "We should go for a picnic."
My friend said to me, "I am angry with you."
My friend said to me, "I think cooking is more of an art than science."
I said to the taxi driver, "Do you know this address?"
The teacher said to me, "Draw the chart on the board."
He said to her, "I have an interview scheduled for tomorrow."
The receptionist said, "How can I help?"
Manjeet said to his friend, "It is easy to find fault with others."
“I will be taking an extra class tomorrow.” the teacher said to us.
"My new car will be delivered today," he said.
I said to my wife, "We have to brace for the coming storm."
In the following question, a sentence has been given in Active/Passive voice. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one which best expresses
the same sentence in Passive/Active voice
You have to submit the assignment before the deadline.
The mechanic will repair the scooter by noon.
Her performance did not impress the judges.
The agent showed us many residential properties.
I have been asking you since days to replace the leaking tap.
This medicine gives me a heartburn.
You need to bake it in the oven for 15 minutes.
The driverless car turned the corner just the way it should.
I will bake for you your birthday cake
I adore movie stars
The management appreciates your efforts.
She eats too much fast food.
She will never admit her mistakes.
You need to brush your teeth twice daily.
You are making a bad situation worse.
You should talk to your mother more often.
I always carry a bottle of water with me.
I have known this place since I was a kid.
She dances the Salsa as if she were twenty something.
If you hit a century the selectors will surely notice you.
In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
Never write down a phonetic __________ without fully understanding its meaning in every detail. A key to the various marks will be _____________ at the bottom of every page of the dictionary, and the student should refer to this ______________. In the front part of the dictionary there will also be found an _______________ of all possible sounds that any letter may have; and every sound that any letter may have may be indicated by a peculiar mark, __________ several letters may represent the same sound there are a variety of symbols for the same sound.
down a phonetic __________ without fully
various marks will be _____________ at the bottom of every
should refer to this ______________. In the front part
be found an _______________ of all possible
peculiar mark, __________ several letters may represent
In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
Sometimes fate is like a small sandstorm that keeps ____________ directions. You change direction but the sandstorm chases you. You turn again, but the storm adjusts. Over _________ over you play this out, like some ominous dance with death just before dawn. Why? Because this storm isn’t something that blew in ___________ far away, something that has nothing to do with you. This storm is you. Something ___________ of you. So all you can do is give in to it, step right inside the storm, closing your eyes and plugging up your ears so the sand doesn’t get in, and walk ___________ it, step by step.
sandstorm that keeps ____________ directions.
Over _________ over you play this out,
something that blew in ___________ far away,
Something ___________ of you.
and walk ___________ it, step by step.
A passage is given with 5 questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
Volcanic eruptions create beautiful surreal panorama like the unique landscape in Turkey. Here, rock structures of different shapes and sizes are a result of volcanic outbursts. Called “Fairy Chimneys” of Goreme in the Cappadocia region, Turkey, these rock sites are a major tourist attraction. Cappadocia lies in Central Anatolia in Turkey with the Taurus Mountains in the south separating it from the Mediterranean Sea. The rock formations that we see today can be traced back to millions of years. Several volcanic eruptions through deep fractures threw up rocks, lava, ash and other materials. After the eruption, a dense ash covered the entire area. Soon the ejected ash solidified into a soft/porous rock called “tuff”.
The soft rocks were exposed to sub aerial erosion by wind, water and climatic changes (temperature changes). The rocks expanded in summer as they heated up, and broke up in winter as they froze. Added to this, the icy water collected in the cracks led to disintegration. Cappadocia gets heavy rain, and this too has played its part in altering the landscape. Rainwater has created sweeping curves on the sides of the valleys. The rivers washed away the eroded pieces of rocks and the harder rocks stayed on. Today, you see them in different shapes — capped chimneys, pillars, mushrooms and conical formations. As erosion constantly changes the landscape of the rock structures in Cappadocia, it can pose a danger to the habitation.
What is ‘tuff’?
What is to the south of Cappadocia?
When do the rocks break-up?
Why are there curves on the sides of the valley?
How old are these rock formations?
A passage is given with 5 questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
The Berber, are a group of people indigenous to North Africa. In the Nalut district of the Tripolitania region, Ghadames, an oasis town is known as the “pearl of the desert”. It is one of the oldest pre-Saharan cities and a grand example of a traditional settlement. Flying over, I was surprised to see just houses and more houses. There didn’t seem to be any pathways or alleys. Puzzled I flew down to investigate. I found that each house is built in such a way that it hangs over the alleys creating an underground network of passages. The ground floor of the house is used to store supplies, the next floor is for the use of the family and the open-air
terraces are reserved for women. They were talking a language I did not understand. I later learnt it was Ghadams, a Berber language.
Towards the end of the month, for three days the old city of Ghadames comes alive with feasting, singing and dancing. It happens at the end of the date harvest. When all the work is done, the people head to the city’s World Heritage-listed old quarter to eat dates and celebrate. The people of the old quarter moved out in the mid-1980s, and live in the modern town. But, on this occasion they return to their family homes in the old city. They throw open the doors for singing, dancing and other festivities. The covered alleys provide shelter from the hot Sahara sun.
The Berber’ refers to:
While flying over why we won’t see any pathways in Ghadames?
Which part of the house is kept specially for the women folk?
When are the 3 days of celebration?
Which of the following is true?
Educational materials for CAT preparation
