In the following passage some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.
Passage:
Truth is indeed a controversial aspect of ______. But almost always it can be justified as a moral principle on the basis of ______. When we talk about speaking the truth in order not to hide what, if hidden, will only prove damaging to others, we are emphasizing the ability to ‘feel’ for others. Again, often we purposely keep ourselves from communicating the truth as, once ______, it may hurt someone‘s feelings and sentiments. But keeping a person in the dark or denying him or her knowledge which he or she ought to have amounts to ______ another soul of its right to know that with which it has a ______.
Rearrange the parts of the sentence in correct order.
P: This discipline is characterized by several concepts and approaches that are used by psychologists in understanding human behavior.
Q: The field of psychology can be described as a discipline that focuses on the study of mind and behavior.
R: Some of the most common psychological concepts that are used to modify or change an individual’s behavior include operant conditioning, positive and negative punishment, and positive and negative reinforcement.
S: Since psychology is a broad field, psychologists not only use these concepts and approaches but also conduct scientific research that enables them to understand human behavior.
P: The Mughal empire was extensive, but it was not integrated.
Q: It was rather an agglomeration of territories bound together by a common administration and common ties to the imperial authority.
R: The strong hand of the emperor held the country together, compelling obedience from the nobles who governed the provinces.
S: But these nobles felt no sense of national loyalty, for the simple reason that the empire was not a nation.
P: It is also when the community or religion is used to further the political interests of the vested groups.
Q: But communal feelings start when one community thinks in a hostile manner towards the other communities.
R: It is also not being conscious of their own identities and doing something which pursues its interests.
S: Communalism is not thinking about their own communities.
P: When one gets solved or nears the solution, other starts raising its ugly head.
Q: Threats to our nation building processes are increasing day by day.
R: Tougher punishments should be provided for them in order to weed them out completely.
S: The need of the day is to go for integrated approach with taking steps to solve the poverty, illiteracy and population problems along with tough steps and stern action against the terrorists.
P: The Information Technology today is rightly called the Technology of the Century as it has found its application and use in every walk society of the world.
Q: Distances no longer exist and the world appears to have shrunk into a Global Village.
R: It is really a landmark achievement that more than six billion population of the world will soon be living in a virtual village, as compact as any small Indian village of a few thousand population.
S: The wisdom of the wisest is today available to the stupidest of the person thus ushering in an era of real equality of opportunity to all.
P: Children with good manners are liked by one and all.
Q: They are appreciated even by strangers.
R: All round development of a child is possible only if a child is groomed in good manners.
S: Therefore, the public schools lay great emphasis on the cultivation of good manners in their students.
P: Taking this as a small example, we need to set-up an action plan on a war-footing.
Q: Our country had earlier faced the problem with our neighbours backed defense hackers jamming our troop movement communication system giving false commands and creating a situation of uncertainty.
R: But our planning and implementation gap has always been unpardonably long.
S: The National Security Council is already in touch with server ministries like home, defense, communication, oil and natural gas, etc. to draw up plans.
P: But our behavior, ‘good’ or ‘bad’, certainly shapes our persona and determines our personality.
Q: If one is helpful, polite and considerate in one’s actions towards fellow-beings, one is known as a kind person.
R: The converse is equally true and a mean, rude and selfish person is regarded as bad.
S: Growing urbanisation and lack of roots in any given place have made us increasingly indifferent to the feelings of others and led us to adopt an apathetic attitude to most things.
P: The English developed transport and communication on modern lines.
Q: They established the first printing press and newspaper in India.
R: One of the most beneficial results of the British rule was the modernization of India.
S: The Press further developed later to inform and educate the masses about the British exploitation of India.
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