Instructions

For the following questions answer them individually

Question 1

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Question 8

# Two moles of ideal helium gas are in a rubber balloon at $$30^\circ C$$ .The balloon is fully expandable and can be assumed to require no energy in its expansion. The temperature of the gas in the balloon is slowly changed to $$35^\circ C$$.The amount of heat required in raising the temperature is nearly (take R = 8.31 J/mol.K)

Instructions

The $$\beta$$- decay process, discovered around 1900, is basically the decay of a neutron (n), In the laboratory, a proton (p) and an electron $$(e^{-})$$ are observed as the decay products of the neutron. therefore, considering the decay of a neutron as a tro-body dcay process, it was predicted theoretically that thekinetic energy of the electron should be a constant. But experimentally, it was observed that the electron kinetic energy has a continuous spectrum. Considering a three-body decay process, i.e. $$n \rightarrow p + e^{-} + \overline{v_e}$$, around 1930, pauli explained the observed electron energy spectrum. Assuming the anti-neutrino $$(\overline{v_e})$$ to be massless and possessing negligible energy, and neutron to be at rest, momentum and energy conservation principles are applied. From this calculation, themaximum kinetic energy of the lectron is $$0.8 \times 10^6$$ eV. The kinetic energy carried by the proton is only the recoil energy.

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