Crystal Field Splitting Energy ($$\Delta_t$$ - Tetrahedral)

Formula:

$$\text{CFSE} = \left[ -0.6 \cdot n(e) + 0.4 \cdot n(t_2) \right] \cdot \Delta_t$$

Concept: Calculates the net electronic stabilization energy in a tetrahedral coordination field, where the spatial orientation of incoming ligands splits the $$d$$ -orbitals into a lower-energy $$e$$ subset and a higher-energy $$t_2$$ subset.

Notation:

• $$n(e)$$ = Number of electrons in $$e$$ orbitals;
• $$n(t_2)$$ = Number of electrons in $$t_2$$ orbitals;
• $$\Delta_t$$ = Tetrahedral splitting parameter; Pairing energy ($$P$$) is typically omitted as tetrahedral complexes are almost exclusively high-spin.