Para Jumbles for CAT Solved Questions:
This article consists of 5 questions on Parajumbles for CAT. Some of the questions are from previous papers of CAT. This is a very important topic for CAT and around five questions are asked from it in CAT every year.
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Parajumbles for CAT PDF Set-4:
Instructions:
Sentence given in each question, when properly sequenced, from a coherent paragraph. The first and last sentences are 1 and 6, and the four in between are labelled A, B, C and D. Choose the most logical order of these four sentences for among the four given choices to construct a coherent paragraph from sentences 1 to 6.
Question 1:
1) Security inks exploit the same principle that causes the vivid and constantly changing colours of a film of oil on water.
A. When two rays of light meet each other after being reflected from these different surfaces, they have each travelled slightly different distances.
B. The key is that the light is bouncing off two surfaces, that of the oil and that of the water layer below it.
C. The distance the two rays travel determines which wavelengths, and hence colours, interfere constructively and look bright.
D. Because light is an electromagnetic wave, the peaks and troughs of each ray then interfere either constructively, to appear bright, or destructively, to appear dim.
6) Since the distance the rays travel changes with the angle as you look at the surface, different colours look bright from different viewing angles.
Question 2:
1) Commercially reared chicken can be unusually aggressive, and are often kept in darkened sheds to prevent them pecking at each other.
A. The birds spent far more of their time—up to a third — pecking at the inanimate objects in the pens, in contrast to birds in other pens which spend a lot of time attacking others.
B. In low light conditions, they behave less belligerently, but are more prone to ophthalmic disorders and respiratory problem.
C. In an experiment, aggressive head-pecking was all but eliminated among birds in the enriched environment
D. Altering the birds’ environment, by adding bales of wood-shavings to their pens, can work wonders.
6) Bales could diminish aggressiveness and reduce injuries; they might even improve productivity, since a happy chicken is a productive chicken.
Question 3:
1) The concept of a ‘nation-state’ assumes a complete correspondence between the boundaries of the nation and the boundaries of those who live in a specific state.
A. Then there are members of national collectivities who live in other countries, making a mockery of the concept.
B. There are always people living in particular states who are not considered to be (and often do not consider themselves to be) members of the hegemonic nation.
C. Even worse, there are nations which never had a state for which are divided across several states.
D. This, of course, has been subject to severe criticism and is virtually everywhere a fiction.
6) However, the fiction has been, and continues to be, at the basis of nationalist ideologies.
Question 4:
1) In the sciences, even questionable examples of research fraud are harshly punished.
A. But no such mechanism exists in the humanities — much of what humanities researchers call research does not lead to results that are replicable by other scholars.
B. Given the importance of interpretation in historical and literary scholarship, humanities researchers are in a position where they can explain away deliberate and even systematic distortion.
C. Mere suspicion is enough for funding to be cut off; publicity guarantees that careers can be effectively ended.
D. Forgeries which take the form of pastiches in which the forger intersperses fake and real parts can be defended as mere mistakes or aberrant misreading.
6) Scientists fudging data have no such defences.
Question 5:
1) Horses and communism were, on the whole, a poor match.
A. Fine horses bespoke the nobility the party was supposed to despise.
B. Communist leaders, when they visited villages, preferred to see cows and pigs.
C. Although a working horse was just about tolerable, the communists were right to be wary.
D. Peasants from Poland to the Hungarian Pustza preferred their horses to party dogma.
6) “A farmer’s pride is his horse; his cow may be thin but his horse must be fat,” went a Slovak saying.
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Answers and Explanations
1) Answer (BADC)
The statement in sentence 1 talks about how security inks use the same concept as that of oil on water. The idea is continued in sentence B and then in A, by talking about how the light is coming from two different surfaces and travelling two different distances. The light coming from the two different surfaces then interferes because it is an electromagnetic wave and produces the effect – bright colours. So, the correct order of sentences is 1-B-A-D-C-2.
2) Answer (BDCA)
The first sentence talks about how commercially reared chicken are usually aggressive and hence are kept in darkened sheds to prevent them from pecking at each other. This is because, in low-light conditions, they behave less aggressively – this idea is mentioned in sentence B. However, altering the environment in which the birds live, like adding bales of wood-shavings can work wonders and prevent the birds from pecking each other. This is proved with the help of an experiment in which birds in the enriched environment spent far less time pecking each other, instead preferring to peck inanimate objects in their pens. So, the correct order of sentences is 1-B-D-C-A-2.
3) Answer (DBAC)
The opening sentence talks about the concept of “nation-state” assuming a complete correspondence between the boundaries of nation and the boundaries of those who live in a specific state. This has been the subject of severe criticism and a fiction everywhere. So, D follows 1. A-C is a link because, C continues the idea being talked about in A by stating an even worse case. B precedes A because it starts talking about people who live in particular states but are not considered to be members of the hegemonic nation and A continues this idea. The correct order of sentences is 1-D-B-A-C-2.
4) Answer (CABD)
The sentence following 1 should be C as it continues the idea started in 1. A follows C and describes that lack of punishment in Humanities. B follows A as it describes how humanities researchers can get away with distortions. This is followed by sentence D.
5) Answer (ABCD)
The first sentence compares horses and communism – and says it’s a poor match. This is because fine horses bespoke of the nobility the party was supposed to despise. So, the communist leaders, when they visited villages preferred to see cows and pigs to horses. There is good reason for the leaders to be wary of a horse, even though it was a tolerable animal. The peasants, on the other hand, cared not much for the party dogma and preferred their horses. They went by the adage, “A farmer’s pride is in his horse, his cow may be thin but his horse must be fat”. The correct order of sentences is, therefore, 1-A-B-C-D-2.
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