Instructions

In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Question 39

Statements: All dogs are fruits. No chair is fruit.
Some chairs are clowns
Conclusions: I. Some clowns are dogs
II. Some chairs are dogs
III. No chair is dog
IV. No dog is clown

Solution

No chair is a fruit. So, no chair is a dog since dog is a subset of fruits. That is shown in the diagram. So, conclusion II is not implied and conclusion III is implied.

Conclusions I and IV are universally complimentary ie. one of the two always has to be implied but both can't be true at the same time. Hence we use "either" and "or".