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Question 34

The IUPAC symbol for the element with atomic number 119 would be:

We begin by recalling the IUPAC rules for giving a temporary (systematic) name and symbol to an undiscovered or newly discovered element. According to IUPAC, every digit of the atomic number is replaced by a specific Latin‐Greek root, and finally the suffix “ ium ” is added to complete the name. The prescribed roots are:

$$ \begin{aligned} 0 &\;\to\; \text{nil} \;(n) ,\\ 1 &\;\to\; \text{un} \;(u) ,\\ 2 &\;\to\; \text{bi} \;(b) ,\\ 3 &\;\to\; \text{tri} \;(t) ,\\ 4 &\;\to\; \text{quad}\;(q) ,\\ 5 &\;\to\; \text{pent}\;(p) ,\\ 6 &\;\to\; \text{hex} \;(h) ,\\ 7 &\;\to\; \text{sept}\;(s) ,\\ 8 &\;\to\; \text{oct} \;(o) ,\\ 9 &\;\to\; \text{enn} \;(e). \end{aligned} $$

Here, the letter in parentheses is the initial used later while writing the symbol. Now, the given atomic number is $$119$$. We write its three individual digits explicitly as

$$1,\;1,\;9.$$

For each digit we substitute the corresponding root:

$$ \begin{aligned} 1 &\;\to\; \text{un},\\ 1 &\;\to\; \text{un},\\ 9 &\;\to\; \text{enn}. \end{aligned} $$

Placing these roots in the same order and then appending the mandatory suffix “ ium ,” we get the systematic name

$$\text{un} + \text{un} + \text{enn} + \text{ium} \;=\; \text{ununennium}.$$

Next, we construct the temporary three-letter symbol. IUPAC directs us to take the first letter of each root, writing the very first letter in uppercase and the rest in lowercase. From the roots we have:

$$ \begin{aligned} \text{un} &\;\Rightarrow\; u,\\ \text{un} &\;\Rightarrow\; u,\\ \text{enn} &\;\Rightarrow\; e. \end{aligned} $$

Combining them while capitalising the first one, the symbol becomes

$$\text{Uue}.$$

Comparing this result with the given options, we see that Option D presents exactly this symbol.

Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.

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