Instructions

In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Question 18

Statements: Some trees are flowers. Some roads are flowers.
All roads are vehicles.
Conclusions:
I. Some vehicles are trees
II. Some vehicles are flowers
III. Some roads are trees
IV. All vehicles are roads

Solution

We use elimination to find an exception to the generality of the conclusions. Thus we prove they are not implied. The diagram below satisfies all the statements but contradicts the conclusions I, III and IV. Since we found an exception, the conclusions are not true in "every" case. Thus they are not implied.

We can draw many scenarios using Venn diagrams. Conclusion II holds in every case. So, it is implied.


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