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Question 83

Which one the following ions has the highest value of ionic radius?

Solution

  • $$Li^+$$ and $$B^{3+}$$ have only 2 electrons (1 shell), making them significantly smaller than the others.
  • $$F^-$$ and $$O^{2-}$$ both have 10 electrons (2 shells). Species that share the exact same number of electrons are called isoelectronic species.
  • For isoelectronic species, the ionic radius is inversely proportional to the atomic number (nuclear charge):

    $$\text{Ionic Radius} \propto \frac{1}{\text{Nuclear Charge (Number of Protons)}}$$

    • Oxygen ($$O^{2-}$$) has 8 protons pulling on 10 electrons.
    • Fluorine ($$F^-$$) has 9 protons pulling on 10 electrons.

    The overall order of increasing ionic radius for these options is:

    $$B^{3+} < Li^+ < F^- < O^{2-}$$

    Option C

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