Match List-I with List-II:
List-I (Name of ore/mineral)     List-II (Chemical formula)
(a) Calamine                             (i) ZnS
(b) Malachite                            (ii) FeCO$$_3$$
(c) Siderite                              (iii) ZnCO$$_3$$
(d) Sphalerite                           (iv) CuCO$$_3$$.Cu(OH)$$_2$$
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

We begin by recalling the standard chemical formulas of the common ores mentioned.

First, calamine is a zinc ore. The most familiar zinc carbonate ore carries the formula $$\text{ZnCO}_3$$. Therefore,

$$\text{Calamine} \;=\; \text{ZnCO}_3$$

Now, malachite is the well-known basic carbonate of copper. In books it is always written as a double formula combining one molecule of copper(II) carbonate with one molecule of copper(II) hydroxide:

$$\text{Malachite} \;=\; \text{CuCO}_3\cdot\text{Cu(OH)}_2$$

Next, siderite is an iron ore. The very name comes from the Greek word for iron. Siderite is nothing but iron(II) carbonate, so its formula is

$$\text{Siderite} \;=\; \text{FeCO}_3$$

Finally, sphalerite is another important zinc ore, but unlike calamine it is the sulphide, not the carbonate. The sulphide of zinc is written symbolically as:

$$\text{Sphalerite} \;=\; \text{ZnS}$$

We now match each mineral with the correct formula from List-II:

$$(a)\;\text{Calamine}\;\longrightarrow\;(iii)\;\text{ZnCO}_3 (b)\;\text{Malachite}\;\longrightarrow\;(iv)\;\text{CuCO}_3\cdot\text{Cu(OH)}_2 (c)\;\text{Siderite}\;\longrightarrow\;(ii)\;\text{FeCO}_3 (d)\;\text{Sphalerite}\;\longrightarrow\;(i)\;\text{ZnS$$

Scanning the four answer choices, the one that lists the very same sequence—(a) with (iii), (b) with (iv), (c) with (ii) and (d) with (i)—is Option D.

Hence, the correct answer is Option D.