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Question 36

Among the following compounds, the compound which shows the highest dipole-moment is

Dipole moment depends on:

  1. Extent of charge separation
  2. Alignment of dipoles

(I) shows strong charge-separated resonance (cyclopropenone ↔ cyclopropenyl cation + O⁻), leading to a very large dipole moment.

In (II) and (III), conjugation causes delocalization, which reduces effective dipole magnitude.

In (IV), due to symmetry, dipoles largely cancel out

Thus, order of dipole moment: $$I>II>III>IV$$

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