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Sixteen patients in a hospital must undergo a blood test for a disease. It is known that exactlyΒ one of them has the disease. The hospital has only eight testing kits and has decided to poolΒ blood samples of patients into eight vials for the tests. The patients are numbered 1 throughΒ 16, and the vials are labelled A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. The following table shows the vialsΒ into which each patientβs blood sample is distributed.

If a patient has the disease, then each vial containing his/her blood sample will test positive. IfΒ a vial tests positive, one of the patients whose blood samples were mixed in the vial has theΒ disease. If a vial tests negative, then none of the patients whose blood samples were mixed inΒ the vial has the disease.
Suppose vial C tests positive and vials A, E and H test negative. Which patientΒ has the disease?
The patients in
Vial A: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
Vial B: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
Vial C: 5,6,7,8,13,14,15,16
Vial D:1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12
Vial E:3,4,7,8,11,12,15,16
Vial F:1,2,5,6,9,10,13,14
Vial G:2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16
Vial H:1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
IfΒ vial C tests positive and vials A, E and H test negative thenΒ Patient 6 must have disease as all other patients in Vial C expect patient 6 are present in at least one of A, E, H.
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