MAT 2005

Study the following passage carefully to answer the questions that follow each passage:

PASSAGE I:

Chinese Goods sight now make up less than 3%of India's imports and if the figures are sight they are growing at no more than 25%a year. So, why is everyone making such a hue and cry over the Chinese threat? Aren't Indian Industrialists merely trying to get more tariff protection by stoking Xenophobia? Probably some are. But that should not divert attention from the main point : China has finally shown up on India's economy rodar screen and it needs to be watched.

The figures may not yet reflect, but anecdotal evidence points to the fact that China is weighting heavily on the minds of the manufacturing industry. Even if you discount all the praying and petitioning for protection there is enough indication that increasing number of business men are to dag looking of setting up operations in China. IN other words they are putting their money where their mouth is: If you are in manufacturing, Industry. Even if discount all the praying and petitioning for protection, there is enough indication that increasing number of businessmen are today looking at selling up operation in China. In other words they are putting their money where their mouth is: if you are manufacturing if makes for more sense to operate out of China than out of India.

According to news paper reports. Ajanta the world largest clock maker is shifting its manufacturing base tools, stock and travel from morb in Gujarat's Saurashtra region to Shenshen in china. Many other Indian companies, from Bajaj electricals to Blow plast are looking at options that range from setting up their own operations in China to starting joint ventures to out sourcing. What we have seen so far could be just the tip of a bigger trend: there are lot more Indian companies central around three fourth of China's exports Only one fourth of its exports consists of goods made by Chinese owned companies and that store is shrinking, according to the wall street journal.

In other words, China's amazing export performance is due toits ability to gell itself as the perfect base for global manufacturing. This puts the issue in a larger context. This is the largest term issue that should engage the attention of policy makers, more than the flood of imported goods from China.

It is almost as if focusing on export means lettering down the country, just as rupee depreciation, in some quarters is take a man rational emasculation? Focussing on exports will mean a lot of things policy makers only need to talk to Indian firms who are chocking out China to got a laundry list of needs. There is of course, another way of looking at all this China competitive advantageslie in its manufacturing towers, India's advantageslie in services powered by its highly skilled English speaking man power. It is only natural therefore, that even as India in on the way to becoming the global back office for the world, China is becoming the global manufacturing base. We believe that this line of thinking is misleading. The only thing that prevents India from becoming a global manufacturing base is the lick of a governmentthat functions the way it should. Meanwhile, here's a piece of advice for Indian businessmen. Please do what everit takes to keep yourbusinessalivewhether it means investing in Shenzhen or outsourcing from Timbuktoo - but do thinkglobal. While the government gets act together, the country’s search for new business models that skirt around existing bottlenecks has to continue. Suehdeep Agarwal's Bhartiya International, India’s top leather garments exporter with a turnover of Rs. 200 crore, has been notching up 30%growth year after year by outsourcing its requirements from factories all around the world - including China. Maybe that's one way to go.

Study the following passage carefully to answer the questions that follow each passage:

PASSAGE II :

There is a long list of horror stories connected with the consumption of sugar-hyperactivity in children; criminal behaviour in adults; diabetes, and elevated cholesterol. There is little good scientific evidence that sugar causes these conditions, but under certain circumstances it is though to aggravate them. While the relationship between diet and health is far from an exact science, the relationship between diet and behaviour is even less clear. "There is a reasonable amount of evidence that what we eat does regulateone's brain chemistry", said Bambi Young, associate visiting professor in the Department of Epidemiology at the UCLA, "and it is more pronounced in certain individuals and under certain circumstances. The effect of food on behavior are subtle, but they do exist. There are some people, particularly young children who are super  respondents.” Sugar, perhaps because it provides nothing but calories and pleasure, is high on the list of culprits. Sugar is a carbohydrate like pasta and grain. It is a simple carbohydrate; pasta and grain are complex ones. But they are worlds apart. All carbohydrates are made up of one or more simple sugars. Other names under which sugar appears are glucose (blood sugar), fructose (milk sugar), and maltose (malt sugar). Sugar is used for energy. Brain cells need it to function. Some of the glucose wetake in, whether in the form of simple or complex carbohydratesis stored to be used as needed. The excess is converted to fat. Sugar, that includes all forms of honey, corn syrup, high-fructose corn syrup, maple syrup and molasses - is the number one additive in foods. It turns up in the least expected places, like mayonnaise and ketchup. Researchers generally agree that an inborn desire for sweetness begins at birth. One school of thought theories that sugar is addictive and provides a high similar to, though much lesser than, drugs. "No one knows whether one becomes addicted to the pleasure or whether sugar has an effect in the brain level," said a professor of psychiatry. "But behaviorally there are children who become very very dependent on sugar”. However, for some people who are anxious and tense, sugar has a positive effect because it promotes a feeling of well-being and of alertness. Though there is a general agreement aboutthis in the scientific community, others disagree. According to them, there can be the opposite effect. "It depends on the persons and on the situations,” said Mr. Conners of Duck University. "There are huge individual differences. Though sugar dos not cause hyperactivity, uncontrollable behaviour in children, it exacerbatesit." One typical scenario is the child who eats candy, cookies and cakes ata birthday party. "People are alwaystelling me abouttheir children who came home from a birth-day party hanging from a chandelier,” said Bonnie Kaplan, an associate professor pediatrics and psychology. "Parents blame it on sugar, but birthday parties are very exciting things for children and in addition there are other things besides sugar in the food." Mr. Conners agreed that "stimulus is important,” but he added, "It is hard to pin down until you realise it depends on the content of the rest of the meal.”

Study the following passage carefully to answer the questions that follow each passage:

PASSAGE III:

An expert group has sounded a timely warning on what environmentally destructive tourism will mean to national parks and wildlife sanctuaries and the objectives they are suppose to serve. Given the unique and rare wildlife the country has been endowed with, the rationale for using the resources for attracting tourists from abroad is unassailable. This necessarily postulates that the flora and the fauna should be protected and conserved. As a matter of fact much of the government's interest in wildlife preservation has to do with the tremendous prospect of tourist traffic on that account. Yet the risk of the revenue-earning motivation overrunning the conservation imperatives is very real, the lure of the coveted foreign exchange that goes with this business only serving to enhancing it several folds. Even with the tourist inflow far below the potential, the pressure of visitors is said to have been already felt on the tiger reserves. With the Government of India's declared intent to boost tourism quite justified for its own reasons, the need for eliminating the risk assumes a greater sense of urgency. The study team has noted that most of the 41 national parks and 165 wildlife sanctuaries surveyed are open to tourists. The less frequented among them may not require special attention immediately in this respect as much as the ones that are major tourists attraction do. These include the Sanjay Gandhi National park in Maharashtra, Nandankanan in Orissa, and Bannerghatta in Karnataka.Over a year ago, the Indian Board for wildlife expressed concern over the looming danger,and decided that the core areas of national parks and sanctuaries should be kept to tally free from biotic disturbances, and the visitors be permitted to view the wildlife only from are as marked out for the purpose. And now, the expert group has come up with the suggestion that a case by case evaluation be done of the capacity as well as the limitations of all the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries and based on such assessment an area-specific plan for tourist promotion within the safety norms be charted. That this is the most scientific way of going about the job, and that there is no time to lose can be really conceded.