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The number of matrices $$A=\begin{bmatrix}a & b \\c & d \end{bmatrix}$$,Β where $$π, π, π, dΒ βΒ -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, β¦ β¦ , 10,$$ such that $$A=A^{-1}$$, is______.
Correct Answer: 50
If the condition is
$$A=A^{-1},$$
then
$$A^2=I$$
Let
$$A=\begin{bmatrix}a&b\\c&d\end{bmatrix}$$
where
$$a,b,c,d\in\{-1,0,1,2,\ldots,10\}$$
Now,
$$A^2= \begin{bmatrix} a^2+bc & ab+bd\\ac+cd & d^2+bc\end{bmatrix}$$
Since
$$A^2=I,$$
we get
$$a^2+bc=1\qquad\cdots(1)$$
$$d^2+bc=1\qquad\cdots(2)$$
$$b(a+d)=0\qquad\cdots(3)$$
$$c(a+d)=0\qquad\cdots(4)$$
From (1) and (2),
$$a^2=d^2$$
Hence,
$$a=d\quad \text{or}\quad a=-d$$
Case 1: $$a=-d$$
Then equations (3) and (4) are automatically satisfied.
Using
$$a^2+bc=1$$
Subcase (i): $$a=1,\ d=-1$$
$$1+bc=1$$
$$bc=0$$
Number of ordered pairs satisfying
$$bc=0$$
is
$$12+12-1=23$$
(Subtracting one for double counting $$b=c=0$$)
Subcase (ii): $$a=-1,\ d=1$$
Again,
$$bc=0$$
Hence, number of matrices is
$$23$$
Subcase (iii): $$a=0,\ d=0$$
Then,
$$bc=1$$
Possible ordered pairs are
$$(1,1),\ (-1,-1)$$
Hence, number of matrices is
$$2$$
Total from Case 1:
$$23+23+2=48$$
Case 2: $$a=d$$
From (3) and (4),
$$b(2a)=0,\qquad c(2a)=0$$
Subcase (i): $$a=d=1$$
Then,
$$b=0,\ c=0$$
giving
$$1$$
matrix.
Subcase (ii): $$a=d=-1$$
Again,
$$b=0,\ c=0$$
giving
$$1$$
matrix.
Total from Case 2:
$$1+1=2$$
Therefore, total number of matrices is
$$48+2=50$$
Hence, the required number of matrices is
$$\boxed{50}$$.
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