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Question 86

The molar conductivities $$\Lambda^\circ_{NaOAc}$$ and $$\Lambda^\circ_{HCl}$$ at infinite dilution in water at $$25^\circ C$$ are $$91.0$$ and $$426.2\,S\,cm^2/mol$$ respectively. To calculate $$\Lambda^\circ_{HOAc}$$, the additional value required is

Solution

Kohlrausch’s law of independent ionic migration states that the molar conductivity at infinite dilution is the sum of the ionic conductivities of the individual ions:
$$\Lambda^\circ_{AB}= \lambda^\circ_{A^{z+}}+\lambda^\circ_{B^{z-}}.$$

To obtain $$\Lambda^\circ_{HOAc}=\lambda^\circ_{H^+}+\lambda^\circ_{OAc^-},$$ we need the two ionic conductivities $$\lambda^\circ_{H^+}$$ and $$\lambda^\circ_{OAc^-}$$.

We already have:

• $$\Lambda^\circ_{HCl}= \lambda^\circ_{H^+}+\lambda^\circ_{Cl^-}=426.2\,S\,cm^2\!/\!mol$$
• $$\Lambda^\circ_{NaOAc}= \lambda^\circ_{Na^+}+\lambda^\circ_{OAc^-}=91.0\,S\,cm^2\!/\!mol$$

If we also know

• $$\Lambda^\circ_{NaCl}= \lambda^\circ_{Na^+}+\lambda^\circ_{Cl^-},$$

then adding the first two and subtracting the third eliminates the $$\lambda^\circ_{Na^+}$$ and $$\lambda^\circ_{Cl^-}$$ terms:

$$\Lambda^\circ_{HCl}+ \Lambda^\circ_{NaOAc}-\Lambda^\circ_{NaCl}$$ $$=\bigl(\lambda^\circ_{H^+}+\lambda^\circ_{Cl^-}\bigr)+\bigl(\lambda^\circ_{Na^+}+\lambda^\circ_{OAc^-}\bigr)-\bigl(\lambda^\circ_{Na^+}+\lambda^\circ_{Cl^-}\bigr)$$ $$=\lambda^\circ_{H^+}+\lambda^\circ_{OAc^-}=\Lambda^\circ_{HOAc}.$$

Therefore, the extra data needed is $$\Lambda^\circ_{NaCl}.$p>

Option D which is: $$\Lambda^\circ_{NaCl}$$

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