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Question 72

Consider the following sequence of reactions.

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The percentage of nitrogen in the yellow product (X) formed is _______ %. (Nearest Integer)
(Given Molar mass in g mol$$^{-1}$$ H:1, C:12, N:14)


Correct Answer: 20

When diazoaminobenzene is warmed to $40\text{-}45^\circ\text{C}$ in the presence of hydrochloric acid ($\text{HCl}$) and excess aniline, it rearranges to form p-aminoazobenzene (a well-known yellow dye).

The product formed from the reaction 

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  • Structure of p-aminoazobenzene: $$\text{C}_6\text{H}_5-\text{N}=\text{N}-\text{C}_6\text{H}_4-\text{NH}_2$$
  • Molecular Formula: $$\text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{11}\text{N}_3$$
  • Using the provided atomic masses ($$\text{C} = 12$, $\text{H} = 1$, $\text{N} = 14$$):

    $$\text{Molar Mass} = (12 \times 12) + (11 \times 1) + (3 \times 14)$$
    $$\text{Molar Mass} = 144 + 11 + 42 = 197\text{ g mol}^{-1}$$

    The total mass contributed by the 3 nitrogen atoms in one mole of the compound is:

    $$\text{Mass of Nitrogen} = 3 \times 14 = 42\text{ g mol}^{-1}$$

    Now, find the mass percentage:

    $$\text{Percentage of Nitrogen} = \left( \frac{42}{197} \right) \times 100 \approx 21.32\%$$

    Rounding to the nearest integer gives 21%.

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