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First and second ionization enthalpies of lithium are 520 kJ mol$$^{-1}$$ and 7297 kJ mol$$^{-1}$$ respectively. Energy required to convert 3.5 mg lithium (g) into Li$$^{2+}$$(g) [Li(g) $$\to$$ Li$$^{2+}$$(g)] is _______ kJ mol$$^{-1}$$. (nearest integer)
[Molar mass of Li = 7 g mol$$^{-1}$$]
Correct Answer: 4
Given:
$$I\ E_1\ of\ Li\ =\ 520\ kJ\ mol^{-1}$$
$$I\ E_2\ of\ Li\ =\ 7297\ kJ\ mol^{-1}$$
Reaction:
$$Li\left(g\right)\longrightarrow\ Li^{+2}\left(g\right)+2e^-$$
Total energy required for one mole:
$$=I\ E_1+I\ E_2$$
$$=520+7297$$
$$=7817\ kJ\ mol^{-1}$$
Given Mass of Li: $$3.5\ \times\ 10^{-3}g$$
Moles of Li :
$$=\frac{3.5\ \times\ 10^{-3}g}{7}$$
$$=5\times\ 10^{-4}mol$$
Therefore energy required is:
$$=7817\times\ 5\times\ 10^{-4}$$
$$=3.9085\ kJ$$
Nearest Integer is 4.
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