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Given below are two statements, one labeled as Assertion (A) and other labeled as Reason (R). Choose the correct option from the codes given below.
Assertion (A) - Complex food molecules, like proteins, carbohydrates and fats are broken down into simpler substances (e.g., amino acids, glucose and fatty acids) through hydrolysis.
Reason (R) - The process of breaking down a water molecule ($$\text{H}_2\text{O}$$) into its components, hydrogen ($$\text{H}_2$$) and oxygen ($$\text{O}_2$$), is known as electrolysis. Hydrolysis, on the other hand, occurs when water reacts with another compound and splits it apart, like in the digestion of food or the breakdown of ATP in cells.
Digestion breaks proteins, carbohydrates and fats into amino acids, glucose and fatty acids by adding water across bonds, so A is true. R correctly distinguishes electrolysis of water from hydrolysis and states that hydrolysis is water reacting with a compound to split it, as in digestion. Since this definition of hydrolysis is exactly why the food molecules are broken down, R correctly explains A.
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