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Question 57

Which of the following statements are true ?
(A) The subsidiary quantum number $$l$$ describes the shape of the orbital occupied by the electron.
(B) 

image

is the boundary diagram of the $$2p_x$$ orbital.
(C) The + and - signs in the wave function of the $$2p_x$$ orbital refer to charge.
(D) The wave function of $$2p_x$$ orbital is zero everywhere in the xy plane.

The subsidiary (azimuthal) quantum number $$l$$ determines the subshell in which an electron is present. Different values of $$l$$ correspond to different orbital shapes such as $$s$$, $$p$$, $$d$$, and $$f$$ orbitals. Therefore, $$l$$ determines the shape of the orbital.

Hence, Statement (A) is true.

The given boundary surface diagram represents a dumbbell-shaped orbital with its two lobes aligned along the $$x$$-axis. Such an orientation is characteristic of the $$2p_x$$ orbital.

Hence, Statement (B) is true.

The $$+$$ and $$-$$ signs shown on the two lobes of a $$p$$ orbital represent the phase (sign) of the wave function $$\psi$$. They do not indicate positive or negative electrical charge, since the entire electron cloud carries the same negative charge.

Hence, Statement (C) is false.

A $$2p_x$$ orbital has its nodal plane perpendicular to the $$x$$-axis, which is the $$yz$$ plane ($$x=0$$). The probability density is zero only on this plane and not on the $$xy$$ plane.

Hence, Statement (D) is false.

Therefore, only Statements (A) and (B) are correct.

Hence, the correct answer is Option (D): (A) and (B) only.

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