Question 48

Which among the following aldehydes is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reactions?

Solution

$$\text{Order of steric hindrance and }+I\text{ effect of attached groups: } -\text{H} < -\text{CH}_3 < -\text{C}_2\text{H}_5 < -\text{C}_3\text{H}_7$$

$$\text{Electrophilicity of carbonyl carbon: } \text{HCHO} > \text{CH}_3\text{CHO} > \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{CHO} > \text{C}_3\text{H}_7\text{CHO}$$

$$\text{Reactivity toward nucleophilic addition: } \text{HCHO is highest}$$

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