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Read the following scenario and answer the TWO questions that follow.
Moonlighting is the practice of working for one organisation while also accepting additional responsibilities and jobs, typically without the employer's knowledge in another organization. It is named as such because it is typically performed at night or on the weekends. “Doing two remote jobs at once was already happening; it was the biggest open secret out there in tech," said a US techie.
Due to weaker margins, major Indian IT companies such as Infosys, TCS, and Wipro announced that they would delay, postpone, or reduce variable pay-outs to employees for the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. This drew attention to Moonlighting. The Indian IT industry was divided on the issue of Moonlighting. Some considered it unethical, while others viewed it as an urgent necessity. Infozeta Chairman Patrick's stance on this matter was crystal clear. "There is a great deal of talk about people working part-time in the tech industry. This is cheating, pure and simple," he had tweeted.
However, McMillan, CEO of Betauniverse, does not consider Moonlighting as "cheating.". "Employment is a contract between an employer who pays me for working 'n' number of hours per day," he explained. “Now, what I do after that time is entirely up to me; I can do whatever I please."
Mr. Q is an IT professional who works for a small company in Bangalore. His office hours are from 2:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.; thus, he wants to utilize his morning time. He thought of taking up extra work; however, he is not sure about the righteousness of his decision. His company does not have any clear policy on Moonlighting. As he is confused, he seeks opinions of the people who work in his industry to understand ethical dimension of Moonlighting. The following opinions are shared with Mr. Q:
Opinion 1: Moonlighting is unacceptable since the employer has a complete right over the employee.
Opinion 2: Moonlighting is a choice of the employee, and that the employer has no authority over the employee's conduct after office hours.
Opinion 3: Moonlighting leads to employee missing out on important organizational work.
Opinion 4: While Moonlighting, the employee might unknowingly leak critical information gained from one organization to the other.
Opinion 5: It is OK to Moonlight as employers are exploitative and underpay employees.
Given the abovementioned opinions, which of the following combinations will BEST help Mr. Q to realize that Moonlighting is unethical?
The correct answer is option B.
Opinion 3 suggests that Moonlighting leads to employees missing out on important organizational work, highlighting potential negative consequences for the primary job. This emphasizes the impact on the employee's commitment and performance in their main role. Opinion 4 points out the risk of unknowingly leaking critical information gained from one organization to another while Moonlighting. This highlights a potential ethical concern related to confidentiality and the potential harm to the interests of the primary employer. Together, these opinions provide a balanced perspective on the negative consequences and ethical dimensions of Moonlighting, helping Mr. Q understand the potential risks and downsides associated with taking up extra work outside his primary job.
Option A is incorrect because Opinion 2 suggests that Moonlighting is a choice of the employee, and the employer has no authority over the employee's conduct after office hours. This perspective leans towards individual freedom. However, when combined with Opinion 4, which highlights the risk of leaking critical information, it doesn't strongly emphasize the potential negative consequences and ethical concerns related to Moonlighting.
Option C is incorrect because Opinion 1 asserts that Moonlighting is unacceptable since the employer has complete control over the employee, emphasizing a strong employer-centric perspective. However, Opinion 5 suggests that Moonlighting is okay because employers are exploitative and underpay employees. These opinions present conflicting views and may not provide a coherent and balanced understanding of the ethical dimensions of Moonlighting.
Option D is not correct because Opinion 2 reiterates the idea that Moonlighting is the choice of the employee, while Opinion 3 highlights the consequence of employees missing out on important organizational work. While Opinion 3 provides a potential negative consequence, the emphasis on individual choice in Opinion 2 may not strongly convey the ethical concerns related to Moonlighting.
Option E is not correct because Opinion 2 emphasizes the employee's right to make choices after office hours, while Opinion 5 suggests that Moonlighting is okay due to perceived exploitation by employers. These opinions again provide conflicting perspectives and may not effectively address the ethical considerations associated with Moonlighting.
The correct option is B
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