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Question 34

The order of relative stability of the contributing structures is :

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Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Solution

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  • Rule 1: Neutral vs. Charged Structures
    • Structure I is neutral and all its atoms have complete octets. Therefore, it is the most stable structure.
    • Order so far: I > (II, III)
  • Rule 2: Electronegativity and Charge Placement
    • When comparing the charged structures (II and III):
      • In Structure II, the negative charge is on the highly electronegative oxygen atom ($$\text{O}^\ominus$$), and the positive charge is on a carbon atom. This is a favorable, stable distribution.
      • In Structure III, the negative charge is placed on a carbon atom and a positive charge is placed on the highly electronegative oxygen atom ($$\text{O}^\oplus$$). This is highly unfavorable and unstable.

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