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Question 3

The median longitudinal section of human brain given here under is marked with important parts as $$1$$ to $$4$$.

image


Following are the functions and disorders related to these parts.
(i) Controls the sleep cycle, manages pain signals and is the pneumotaxic center involved in breathing rhythm regulation. Double vision can be a consequence of damage to this part.
(ii) It maintains homeostasis by directly influencing the autonomic nervous system or by managing hormones. Besides controlling hunger and thirst, it senses fullness when eating. It secretes dopamine and malfunctioning causes Prader-Willi syndrome.
(iii) Plays an important role in controlling emotions and making decisions. Damage to this part can interfere with judging size or distance, learning new words or skills and reaching for objects. It is associated with Chiari malformation.
(iv) Largest structure of white matter, allows perception of depth and enables the two sides of the brain to communicate, and is related with coordination and complex problem-solving. Disfunction may cause schizophrenia and dementia. 

Correlate the above referred characteristics (i) - (iv) with the parts labeled (1 - 4) in the diagram above
and choose the correct option:

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