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Question 20

A coil of self inductance $$L$$ is connected at one end of two rails as shown in figure. A connector of length $$l$$, mass $$m$$ can slide freely over the two parallel rails. The entire set up is placed in a magnetic field of induction $$B$$ going into the page. At an instant $$t=0$$ an initial velocity $$v_0$$ is imparted to it and as a result of that it starts moving along $$x$$-axis. The displacement of the connector is represented by the figure.

image

Solution

Given initial conditions: $$x(0) = 0$$, $$v(0) = v_0$$, $$i(0) = 0$$

$$\varepsilon = Blv = Bl\frac{dx}{dt}$$

$$\varepsilon = L\frac{di}{dt} \implies Bl\frac{dx}{dt} = L\frac{di}{dt}$$

Integrating: $$Blx = Li \implies i = \frac{Blx}{L}$$

Equation of motion: $$m\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} = -iBl = -\frac{B^2l^2}{L}x \implies \frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + \left(\frac{B^2l^2}{mL}\right)x = 0$$

Solving SHM: $$x(t) = \frac{v_0}{\omega}\sin(\omega t)$$ where $$\omega = \frac{Bl}{\sqrt{mL}}$$

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