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The sum of the maximum and minimum values of the function $$f(x) = |5x - 7| + [x^2 + 2x]$$ in the interval $$\left[\dfrac{5}{4}, 2\right]$$, where $$[t]$$ is the greatest integer $$\le t$$, is ______.
Correct Answer: 15
Given,
$$f(x)=|5x-7|+[x^2+2x],\qquad x\in\left[\frac54,2\right]$$
First analyze the modulus term.
$$5x-7=0\iff x=\frac75$$
Hence,
Case 1: $$\frac54\le x<\frac75$$
$$|5x-7|=7-5x$$
Case 2: $$\frac75\le x\le2$$
$$|5x-7|=5x-7$$
Now analyze
$$[x^2+2x]$$
Let
$$g(x)=x^2+2x$$
Since
$$g'(x)=2x+2>0,$$
$$g(x)$$ is increasing on the interval.
Now,
$$g\left(\frac54\right)=\frac{25}{16}+\frac52=\frac{65}{16}$$
$$=4.0625$$
and
$$g(2)=8$$
Hence,
$$[x^2+2x]$$
takes values
$$4,5,6,7,8$$
Now find transition points:
$$x^2+2x=5$$
$$x^2+2x-5=0$$
$$x=-1+\sqrt6$$
Similarly,
$$x^2+2x=6$$
$$x=-1+\sqrt7$$
and
$$x^2+2x=7$$
$$x=-1+2\sqrt2$$
Thus,
$$f(x)=7-5x+4=11-5x,\quad \frac54\le x<\frac75$$
This is decreasing.
Hence maximum in this part occurs at
$$x=\frac54$$
giving
$$f\left(\frac54\right)=11-\frac{25}{4}=\frac{19}{4}$$
Now for
$$\frac75\le x<-1+\sqrt6,$$
$$f(x)=5x-7+4=5x-3$$
which is increasing.
At
$$x=\frac75,$$
$$f\left(\frac75\right)=4$$
Next intervals:
$$f(x)=5x-2,\quad -1+\sqrt6\le x<-1+\sqrt7$$
$$f(x)=5x-1,\quad -1+\sqrt7\le x<-1+2\sqrt2$$
$$f(x)=5x,\quad -1+2\sqrt2\le x<2$$
and at
$$x=2,$$
$$f(2)=|10-7|+[8]=3+8=11$$
Hence minimum value is
$$4$$
and maximum value is
$$11$$
Therefore,
$$4+11=15$$
Hence, the required sum is
$$\boxed{15}$$.
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