A and B alternately throw a pair of dice. A wins if he throws 6 before B throws 7; and B wins if he throws 7 before Athrows 6. What are their respective chances of winning, if A throws the dice first?
The probability that A throws '6' = $$\frac{5}{36}$$ and
The probability of A not getting '6' = $$1 - \frac{5}{36} = \frac{31}{36}$$
The probability that B throws '7' = $$\frac{6}{36}$$
The probability of A winning the game is given by,
= (In the first throw if A wins) or (In the 1st throw A looses, B also looses and in the 2nd throw A wins) or ( A and B looses in the 1st and 2nd throw's and A wins in the 3rd throw .....it goes on like that)
= $$\frac{5}{36} + \frac{31}{36}.\frac{30}{36}.\frac{5}{36} + \frac{31}{36}.\frac{30}{36}.\frac{31}{36}.\frac{30}{36}\frac{5}{36} + $$.......
It is in arithmetic progression,
= $$(\frac{5}{36})(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{31}{36}.\frac{30}{36}})$$
= $$(\frac{5}{36})(\frac{1296}{1296 - 930})$$
= $$(\frac{5}{36})(\frac{1296}{366})$$
= $$\frac{5 \times 6}{61} = \frac{30}{61}$$
Probability of B winning the game is given by,
= $$1 - \frac{30}{61}$$
= $$\frac{31}{61}$$
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
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