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Match List I and List II
(A) Molisch's Test (I) Peptide
(B) Biuret Test (II) Carbohydrate
(C) Carbylamine Test (III) Primary amine
(D) Schiff's Test (IV) Aldehyde
We need to match each test with what it detects.
Molisch's Test (A) is used to detect carbohydrates (II). In this test, concentrated H$$_2$$SO$$_4$$ dehydrates the carbohydrate to furfural, which reacts with $$\alpha$$-naphthol to form a purple ring at the junction of two layers.
Biuret Test (B) is used to detect peptides/proteins (I). When a compound containing two or more peptide bonds ($$-CONH-$$) is treated with dilute NaOH and CuSO$$_4$$ solution, a violet colour is produced due to the formation of a copper complex.
Carbylamine Test (C) is specific for primary amines (III). When a primary amine is heated with chloroform and alcoholic KOH, an isocyanide with a foul smell is formed:
$$R-NH_2 + CHCl_3 + 3KOH \rightarrow R-NC + 3KCl + 3H_2O$$
Schiff's Test (D) is used to detect aldehydes (IV). Aldehydes restore the pink colour of Schiff's reagent (decolorized fuchsin dye).
Hence, the correct answer is (A)-II, (B)-I, (C)-III, (D)-IV.
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