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Question 18

Given a deck of $$52$$ cards with numbers $$1,2,\ldots,52$$ written on them, one number per card. The deck is shuffled and $$13$$ cards are chosen at random from the shuffled deck and thrown away, without noting the numbers on them. From the remaining $$39$$ cards, one card is chosen at random. If the probability that the number on this card is a multiple of $$13$$ is $$\frac{m}{n}$$, where $$m,n$$ are integers with no common divisor other than $$1$$, then $$m+n$$ equals $$\underline{\qquad}$$.


Correct Answer: 14

The final selected card is equally likely to be any one of the original $$52$$ cards because the discard and selection process is symmetric. There are $$4$$ multiples of $$13$$ among these cards. Hence the probability is $$\frac{4}{52}=\frac{1}{13}$$, so $$m+n=14$$.

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