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If $$y(x)$$ is the solution of the differential equation $$(x + 2)\frac{dy}{dx} = x^2 + 4x - 9$$, $$x \neq -2$$ and $$y(0) = 0$$, then $$y(-4)$$ is equal to
We are given the differential equation $$(x + 2) \frac{dy}{dx} = x^2 + 4x - 9$$ with $$x \neq -2$$ and the initial condition $$y(0) = 0$$. We need to find $$y(-4)$$.
First, rearrange the equation to solve for $$\frac{dy}{dx}$$:
$$\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x^2 + 4x - 9}{x + 2}$$
Simplify the right-hand side by performing polynomial division. Divide $$x^2 + 4x - 9$$ by $$x + 2$$:
Divide the leading term $$x^2$$ by $$x$$, which gives $$x$$. Multiply $$x$$ by $$x + 2$$: $$x \cdot (x + 2) = x^2 + 2x$$. Subtract this from $$x^2 + 4x - 9$$:
$$(x^2 + 4x - 9) - (x^2 + 2x) = 2x - 9$$
Now, divide $$2x$$ by $$x$$, which gives $$2$$. Multiply $$2$$ by $$x + 2$$: $$2 \cdot (x + 2) = 2x + 4$$. Subtract this from $$2x - 9$$:
$$(2x - 9) - (2x + 4) = -13$$
So, the division yields:
$$\frac{x^2 + 4x - 9}{x + 2} = x + 2 - \frac{13}{x + 2}$$
Thus, the differential equation becomes:
$$\frac{dy}{dx} = x + 2 - \frac{13}{x + 2}$$
Separate the variables:
$$dy = \left( x + 2 - \frac{13}{x + 2} \right) dx$$
Integrate both sides:
$$\int dy = \int \left( x + 2 - \frac{13}{x + 2} \right) dx$$
The left side integrates to $$y$$. For the right side, integrate term by term:
$$\int (x + 2) dx = \frac{x^2}{2} + 2x$$
$$\int -\frac{13}{x + 2} dx = -13 \int \frac{1}{x + 2} dx = -13 \ln |x + 2|$$
Combining these, we get:
$$y = \frac{x^2}{2} + 2x - 13 \ln |x + 2| + C$$
where $$C$$ is the constant of integration.
Apply the initial condition $$y(0) = 0$$. Substitute $$x = 0$$ and $$y = 0$$:
$$0 = \frac{(0)^2}{2} + 2(0) - 13 \ln |0 + 2| + C$$
Simplify:
$$0 = 0 + 0 - 13 \ln 2 + C$$
Solve for $$C$$:
$$C = 13 \ln 2$$
Substitute $$C$$ back into the solution:
$$y(x) = \frac{x^2}{2} + 2x - 13 \ln |x + 2| + 13 \ln 2$$
This can also be written as:
$$y(x) = \frac{x^2}{2} + 2x + 13 \ln \left( \frac{2}{|x + 2|} \right)$$
Now, evaluate $$y(-4)$$:
$$y(-4) = \frac{(-4)^2}{2} + 2(-4) - 13 \ln |-4 + 2| + 13 \ln 2$$
Compute each term:
$$(-4)^2 = 16, \quad \frac{16}{2} = 8$$
$$2 \cdot (-4) = -8$$
$$|-4 + 2| = |-2| = 2, \quad \ln | -4 + 2 | = \ln 2$$
So,
$$y(-4) = 8 - 8 - 13 \ln 2 + 13 \ln 2 = 0 + 0 = 0$$
Hence, $$y(-4) = 0$$.
The options are:
A. $$-1$$
B. $$1$$
C. $$0$$
D. $$2$$
So, the answer is Option C.
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