Given below are two statements : Statement (I): According to the Law of Octaves, the elements were arranged in the increasing order of their atomic number. Statement (II): Meyer observed a periodically repeated pattern upon plotting physical properties of certain elements against their respective atomic numbers. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Statement (I) deals with the Law of Octaves proposed by Newlands. The Law of Octaves states that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight, every eighth element exhibits properties similar to the first. Therefore Newlands arranged elements by increasing atomic weight, not atomic number. Hence Statement (I) is false.

Statement (II) refers to the work of Lothar Meyer. Meyer plotted the atomic volume of elements against their atomic number and observed a periodically repeating pattern in these physical properties. This demonstrated periodicity when properties are plotted versus atomic number. Hence Statement (II) is true.

Since Statement (I) is false and Statement (II) is true, the correct choice is Option C.