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Let $$a = \text{Im}\left(\frac{1+z^2}{2iz}\right)$$, where z is any non-zero complex number. The set $$A = \{a : |z| = 1$$ and $$z \neq \pm 1\}$$ is equal to:
Given that $$ a = \text{Im}\left(\frac{1+z^2}{2iz}\right) $$ where $$ z $$ is a non-zero complex number, and the set $$ A = \{a : |z| = 1 \text{ and } z \neq \pm 1\} $$, we need to find the set $$ A $$.
Since $$ |z| = 1 $$, we can write $$ z = \cos \theta + i \sin \theta $$ for some real $$ \theta $$, and because $$ z \neq \pm 1 $$, $$ \theta \neq 0, \pi $$ modulo $$ 2\pi $$. The expression for $$ a $$ simplifies as follows:
First, rewrite the expression inside the imaginary part: $$$ \frac{1 + z^2}{2iz} = \frac{1}{2i} \cdot \frac{1 + z^2}{z} = \frac{1}{2i} \left( z + \frac{1}{z} \right). $$$ Since $$ |z| = 1 $$, $$ \frac{1}{z} = \bar{z} $$, so $$ z + \frac{1}{z} = z + \bar{z} = 2 \operatorname{Re}(z) $$, which is real. Let $$ w = 2 \operatorname{Re}(z) $$, so: $$$ a = \text{Im}\left( \frac{1}{2i} \cdot w \right). $$$ Now, $$ \frac{1}{i} = -i $$, so: $$$ \frac{w}{2i} = w \cdot \frac{1}{2i} = w \cdot \left( -\frac{i}{2} \right) = -\frac{i w}{2}. $$$ Since $$ w $$ is real, $$ -\frac{i w}{2} = 0 - \frac{w}{2} i $$, which is purely imaginary. The imaginary part is $$ -\frac{w}{2} $$, so: $$$ a = -\frac{w}{2}. $$$ Substituting $$ w = 2 \operatorname{Re}(z) $$: $$$ a = -\frac{2 \operatorname{Re}(z)}{2} = -\operatorname{Re}(z). $$$ Thus, $$ a = -\operatorname{Re}(z) $$.
With $$ z = \cos \theta + i \sin \theta $$, $$ \operatorname{Re}(z) = \cos \theta $$, so: $$$ a = -\cos \theta. $$$ As $$ \theta $$ varies over all real numbers except $$ 0 $$ and $$ \pi $$ modulo $$ 2\pi $$, $$ \cos \theta $$ varies over $$ [-1, 1] $$ excluding the endpoints $$ \cos 0 = 1 $$ and $$ \cos \pi = -1 $$. Therefore, $$ \cos \theta \in (-1, 1) $$, and: $$$ a = -\cos \theta \in (-1, 1). $$$ Specifically:
Therefore, the set $$ A = (-1, 1) $$. Comparing with the options:
Hence, the correct answer is Option A.
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