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Question 5

Let $$A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 1 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$$ and $$B = [b_{ij}], 1 \le i, j \le 3$$. If $$B = A^{99} - I$$, then the value of $$\dfrac{b_{31} - b_{21}}{b_{32}}$$ is :

$$A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 1 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$$

$$A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} + \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \implies N = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$$

$$N^2 = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 0 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 3(0)+3(3)+0 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$$

$$N^3 = N^2 \cdot N = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 0 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix} = O$$

$$A^{99} = (I + N)^{99} = I + 99N + \frac{99 \times 98}{2}N^2 + O$$

$$A^{99} = I + 99N + 4851N^2$$

$$A^{99} = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} + 99\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 3 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 3 & 0 \end{bmatrix} + 4851\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 9 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$$

$$B = 99N + 4851N^2$$

$$B = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 99(3) & 0 & 0 \\ 99(9) & 99(3) & 0 \end{bmatrix} + \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 4851(9) & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$$

$$B = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 297 & 0 & 0 \\ 891 + 43659 & 297 & 0 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 297 & 0 & 0 \\ 44550 & 297 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$$

$$\text{Value} = \frac{44550 - 297}{297}$$

$$\text{Value} = 150 - 1 = 149$$

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