Join WhatsApp Icon JEE WhatsApp Group
Question 39

Among the following the incorrect statement for electrons in an atom is

The question asks which statements about the behaviour of electrons in an atom are correct. We examine each option one by one, quoting the pertinent theoretical result before judging the statement.

Option A
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle states $$\Delta x \,\Delta p \,\ge \,\frac{h}{4\pi}$$. Because the position $$x$$ and linear momentum $$p$$ of an electron cannot be known simultaneously with arbitrary accuracy, it is impossible to trace out a precise trajectory (definite path) for the electron as one does for macroscopic particles. Therefore the existence of well-defined orbits is ruled out.
Hence, Option A is correct.

Option B
In quantum‐mechanical (or even Bohr) treatment, the reference level of energy is taken to be zero for an electron at an infinite distance from the nucleus. Any electron bound to the nucleus has an energy that is negative (lower than zero). A 2s electron is certainly bound, so $$E_{2s} \lt 0$$, whereas $$E_{\infty}=0$$. Thus the energy of an electron in the 2s orbital is lower than that of an electron infinitely far away.
Hence, Option B is correct.

Option C
Bohr derived the energy of the electron in a hydrogenic atom as
$$E_n = -\frac{13.6\,\text{eV}\,Z^{2}}{n^{2}}$$.
Because the expression is inversely proportional to $$n^{2}$$ and carries a negative sign, the most negative (lowest) energy occurs at the smallest possible principal quantum number, $$n = 1$$. Lower (more negative) energy means greater stability, so the $$n = 1$$ orbit is the most stable.
Hence, Option C is correct.

Option D
Bohr also obtained the speed of the electron in the $$n^{\text{th}}$$ orbit:
$$v_n = \frac{2.18\times10^{6}\,\text{m s}^{-1}}{n}\;Z$$.
For a fixed nucleus ($$Z$$ constant), $$v_n$$ is inversely proportional to $$n$$, i.e. as $$n$$ increases, the magnitude of velocity decreases. The statement that velocity increases with $$n$$ is therefore wrong.
Hence, Option D is incorrect.

Get AI Help

Video Solution

video

Create a FREE account and get:

  • Free JEE Advanced Previous Papers PDF
  • Take JEE Advanced paper tests

JEE Quant Questions | JEE Quantitative Ability

JEE DILR Questions | LRDI Questions For JEE

JEE Verbal Ability Questions | VARC Questions For JEE

Free JEE Topicwise Questions

JEE Rotational MotionJEE Units & MeasurementsJEE Atomic StructureJEE GravitationJEE Periodic Table & PeriodicityJEE StatisticsJEE Inverse Trigonometric FunctionsJEE Magnetism & Magnetic MaterialsJEE Sequences & SeriesJEE MatricesJEE Alternating CurrentsJEE Carboxylic AcidsJEE Permutations & CombinationsJEE Work, Energy & PowerJEE Electromagnetic InductionJEE Electronic DevicesJEE d and f-Block ElementsJEE Chemical KineticsJEE Heat TransferJEE Three Dimensional GeometryJEE Magnetic Effects of CurrentJEE Hydrocarbons - AromaticJEE Electromagnetic WavesJEE Aldehydes & KetonesJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkanesJEE Applications of DerivativesJEE EquilibriumJEE Indefinite IntegrationJEE Chemical ThermodynamicsJEE ElectrochemistryJEE ProbabilityJEE BiomoleculesJEE Continuity & DifferentiabilityJEE Kinetic Theory of GasesJEE Vector AlgebraJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkynesJEE Differential EquationsJEE Current & ResistanceJEE Straight LinesJEE WavesJEE Redox ReactionsJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkenesJEE DeterminantsJEE SolutionsJEE Ray OpticsJEE Dual Nature of Matter & RadiationJEE Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureJEE Complex NumbersJEE Sets, Relations & FunctionsJEE Electric Charges & FieldsJEE Laws of MotionJEE Fluid MechanicsJEE Basic Concepts in ChemistryJEE Trigonometric FunctionsJEE LimitsJEE Laws of ThermodynamicsJEE Kinematics - 2D MotionJEE p-Block Elements (Groups 13-18)JEE Simple Harmonic MotionJEE Electric Potential & CapacitanceJEE Coordination CompoundsJEE JEE 2D GeometryJEE CirclesJEE Definite IntegrationJEE EMF & Circuit AnalysisJEE Surface TensionJEE Atoms & NucleiJEE Laboratory Experiments - XIJEE Number SystemJEE Basic Principles of Organic ChemistryJEE Wave OpticsJEE Quadratic EquationsJEE Alcohols, Phenols & EthersJEE Organic Compounds with HalogensJEE DifferentiationJEE Conic SectionsJEE Nitrogen-Containing CompoundsJEE ElasticityJEE Practical Organic ChemistryJEE Kinematics - 1D MotionJEE Purification & CharacterisationJEE Binomial Theorem
Ask AI