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Firstly, we need to find the remainder when 428 is divided by 21.
$$428 = (21 \times 20) + 8$$
So, $$428 \equiv 8 \pmod{21}$$.
Hence, we can say: $$428^{2024} \equiv 8^{2024} \pmod{21}$$
Now, we can find the remainders for the first few powers of 8 so as to find any recurring pattern of the remainders.
$$8^1\ ≡\ 8$$ (mod 21)
$$8^2=24$$ (mod 21)
Now, find the remainder of 64 divided by 21: $$64 = (21 \times 3) + 1$$
So, $$8^2 \equiv 1 \pmod{21}$$.
Now, because $$8^2 \equiv 1 \pmod{21}$$, we can express the large exponent, 2024, in terms of 2. We divide 2024 by 2:
$$2024 = 2 \times 1012$$
So, we can say, $$8^{2024}=\left(8^2\right)^{2024}$$
Substitute 1 for $$8^2$$,
$$(8^2)^{1012} \equiv 1^{1012} \pmod{21}$$
Hence, the remainder wil be 1.
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