Sign in
Please select an account to continue using cracku.in
↓ →
Join Our JEE Preparation Group
Prep with like-minded aspirants; Get access to free daily tests and study material.
Question Stem
Let $$\alpha, \beta$$ and $$\gamma$$ be real numbers such that the system of linear equations
$$x + 2y + 3z = \alpha$$
$$4x + 5y + 6z = \beta$$
$$7x + 8y + 9z = \gamma - 1$$
is consistent. Let $$\mid M \mid$$ represent the determinant of the matrix
$$M = \begin{bmatrix}\alpha & 2 & \gamma \\ \beta & 1 & 0 \\ -1 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$$
Let P be the plane containing all those $$\left(\alpha, \beta, \gamma \right)$$ for which the above system of linear equations is consistent, and π· be the square of the distance of the point (0, 1, 0) from the plane P.
The value of D is .........
Correct Answer: 1.45 - 1.55
The given system in the variables $$x,y,z$$ is
$$\begin{aligned} x + 2y + 3z &= \alpha \\[2pt] 4x + 5y + 6z &= \beta \\[2pt] 7x + 8y + 9z &= \gamma-1 \end{aligned}$$
Write the coefficient matrix $$A$$ and the right-hand side vector $$b$$:
$$A=\begin{bmatrix}1&2&3\\4&5&6\\7&8&9\end{bmatrix},\qquad b=\begin{bmatrix}\alpha\\ \beta\\ \gamma-1\end{bmatrix}$$
The system is consistent exactly when $$b$$ lies in the column space of $$A$$. Therefore $$\text{rank}(A)=\text{rank}\!\left([A\; b]\right).$$
First find the rank of $$A$$. Compute its determinant:
$$\det A =1(5\cdot9-6\cdot8)-2(4\cdot9-6\cdot7)+3(4\cdot8-5\cdot7) =-3+12-9 = 0$$
Thus $$\det A=0$$, so $$\text{rank}(A)\le 2$$. Indeed, the rows are linearly dependent, because
$$\mathbf{r}_1-2\mathbf{r}_2+\mathbf{r}_3=0,$$
where $$\mathbf{r}_1=(1,2,3),\; \mathbf{r}_2=(4,5,6),\; \mathbf{r}_3=(7,8,9).$$
Hence $$\text{rank}(A)=2$$. For consistency the same linear relation must hold for the entries of $$b$$:
$$1\cdot\alpha-2\cdot\beta+1\cdot(\gamma-1)=0$$
$$\Longrightarrow\; \alpha-2\beta+\gamma = 1\; .$$
All triples $$\left(\alpha,\beta,\gamma\right)$$ satisfying this equation lie on the plane
$$P:\; \alpha-2\beta+\gamma-1=0.$$
The problem asks for $$D$$, the square of the distance from the point $$(0,1,0)$$ to the plane $$P$$.
The distance from a point $$(\alpha_0,\beta_0,\gamma_0)$$ to a plane $$A\alpha+B\beta+C\gamma+D=0$$ is
$$d=\frac{\lvert A\alpha_0+B\beta_0+C\gamma_0+D\rvert} {\sqrt{A^{2}+B^{2}+C^{2}}}.$$
For plane $$P$$ we have $$A=1,\; B=-2,\; C=1,\; D=-1$$. Insert the coordinates of the point $$(0,1,0)$$:
$$d=\frac{\lvert 1\cdot0+(-2)\cdot1+1\cdot0-1\rvert} {\sqrt{1^{2}+(-2)^{2}+1^{2}}} =\frac{\lvert -2-1\rvert}{\sqrt{1+4+1}} =\frac{3}{\sqrt{6}} =\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}.$$
Therefore
$$D=d^{2}=\left(\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\right)^{2}=\frac{6}{4}=\frac{3}{2}=1.5.$$
Hence the required value lies in the range $$1.45-1.55$$.
Was this solution helpful?
Create a FREE account and get:
Educational materials for JEE preparation